tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-59558538408995027042024-02-07T17:25:28.458-08:00Pusat Tuisyen Kita Cemerlang 伟 杰 课 室 ( 012 - 2213518 or 03-6156 7513 )We provide
1. Quality Teaching To Encourage Your Child's Learning Desire.
2. Quality Learning To Build Your Child's Self Confidence.
3.Quality Growing To Shape Your Child's Future.
Email: pusattuisyenkitacemerlang@yahoo.comPusat Tuisyen Kita Cemerlang 伟杰课室http://www.blogger.com/profile/08288493498881507640noreply@blogger.comBlogger628125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-54621069473423901112012-12-04T18:36:00.001-08:002012-12-04T18:36:35.825-08:00CLOSED SHOP>>><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /></div>
<b>We Closed LAST TWO YEAR
PLEASE... WE CLOSED.
CLOSED SHOP ..
NO MORE SERVICE</b>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-53293898823671068812009-02-24T15:46:00.000-08:002009-02-24T15:47:12.812-08:00Food大蒜:蒜含有大蒜素,空腹食蒜,会对胃黏膜、肠壁造成强烈的刺激,易引起胃肠痉挛、绞痛。 <br /> 冷饮:空腹状态下大量吃冷饮,会刺激胃肠发生挛缩,诱发肠胃疾病。女性 <br /><br />月经期间大量吃冷饮,还会使月经发生紊乱。 <br /> 柿子和西红柿:这两种食物含有较多的果胶、单宁酸,与胃酸发生化学反应生成凝胶块状物质,易形成胃结石。 <br /> 山楂和橘子:这两种食物含有大量的有机酸、果酸、山楂酸等,空腹食用会使胃酸猛增,对胃黏膜造成不良刺激,使胃胀满、嗳气,吐酸水。 <br /> 茶:空腹饮茶能稀释胃液,降低消化功能,还会引起“茶醉”,表现为头晕、乏力、站立不稳等。 <br /> 牛奶和豆浆:这两种食物中含有大量的蛋白质,空腹饮用,蛋白质将“被迫”转化为热能消耗掉,起不到营养滋补作用。 <br /> 酸奶:空腹饮用酸奶会使酸奶的保健作用减弱,而饭后两小时饮用或睡前喝,既有滋补保健、促进消化作用,又有排气通便作用。 <br /> 香蕉:香蕉中有较多的镁元素,空腹吃对心血管产生抑制作用,不利于身体健康。 <br /> 白酒:空腹饮酒会刺激胃黏膜,时间长了易引起胃炎、胃溃疡等疾病。另外,人空腹时,本身血糖就低,此时饮酒,人体很快出现低血糖,会头晕、心悸、出冷汗,严重者会发生低血糖昏迷。 <br /> 糖:糖是一种极易消化吸收的食品,空腹大量吃糖,人体短时间内不能分泌足够的胰岛素来维持血糖的正常值,使血液中的血糖骤然升高容易导致眼疾。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-31308888629429305082009-02-24T15:44:00.001-08:002009-02-24T15:44:46.207-08:00University top 200 in fullUniversity top 200 in full<br /><br />Background: British universities lose ground to richer rivals I School Gate : These rankings are a reason for cheer for Britain I A Don's Life: The best universities in the world<br />Britain has 17 universities in the Times Higher Education-QS World University Rankings top 100, down from 19 last year. <br />Harvard tops the list for the fifth consecutive year. Second place goes to Yale, which was joint second with Cambridge and Oxford last year. The two British institutions came third and fourth respectively this year. <br />In total the UK has 29 universities in the top 200, one fewer than last year. Of these, 22 had slipped down the rankings. The highest ranking UK university is Cambridge at Number 3, and the lowest ranking is the University of Reading, at 194 just six from bottom place, which goes to the University of Athens. <br />Four British universities are in the top 10, the same as last year. Imperial College London fell from fifth to sixth place while University College London rose from ninth to seventh. <br />More than a third of the top 100 are based in the US. The rise of Asian institutions is reflected in the inclusion of nine of them within the top 50, including three based in Hong Kong. <br />Two new entrants this year are Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and Seoul National University. <br /><br />The list in full: <br />1- 100 <br />1 HARVARD University United States <br />2 YALE University United States <br />3 University of CAMBRIDGE United Kingdom<br />4 University of OXFORD United Kingdom <br />5 CALIFORNIA Institute of Technology (Calt... United States <br />6 IMPERIAL College London United Kingdom <br />7 UCL (University College London) United Kingdom <br />8 University of CHICAGO United States <br />9 MASSACHUSETTS Institute of Technology (M... United States <br />10 COLUMBIA University United States <br />11 University of PENNSYLVANIA United States <br />12 PRINCETON University United States <br />13= DUKE University United States <br />13= JOHNS HOPKINS University United States <br />15 CORNELL University United States <br />16 AUSTRALIAN National University Australia <br />17 STANFORD University United States <br />18 University of MICHIGAN United States <br />19 University of TOKYO Japan <br />20 MCGILL University Canada <br />21 CARNEGIE MELLON University United States <br />22 KING'S College London United Kingdom <br />23 University of EDINBURGH United Kingdom <br />24 ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of T... Switzerland <br />25 KYOTO University Japan <br />26 University of HONG KONG Hong Kong <br />27 BROWN University United States <br />28 École Normale Supérieure, PARIS France <br />29 University of MANCHESTER United Kingdom <br />30= National University of SINGAPORE(NUS) Singapore <br />30= University of CALIFORNIA, Los Angeles (U... United States <br />32 University of BRISTOL United Kingdom <br />33 NORTHWESTERN University United States <br />34= ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE France <br />34= University of BRITISH COLUMBIA Canada <br />36 University of California, BERKELEY United States <br />37 The University of SYDNEY Australia <br />38 The University of MELBOURNE Australia <br />39 HONG KONG University of Science & Techno... Hong Kong <br />40 NEW YORK University (NYU) United States <br />41 University of TORONTO Canada <br />42 The CHINESE University of Hong Kong Hong Kong <br />43 University of QUEENSLAND Australia <br />44 OSAKA University Japan <br />45 University of NEW SOUTH WALES Australia <br />46 BOSTON University United States <br />47 MONASH University Australia <br />48 University of COPENHAGEN Denmark <br />49 TRINITY College Dublin Ireland <br />50= Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de LAUSANNE... Switzerland <br />50= PEKING University China <br />50= SEOUL National University Korea, South <br />53 University of AMSTERDAM Netherlands <br />54 DARTMOUTH College United States <br />55 University of WISCONSIN-Madison United States <br />56 TSINGHUA University China <br />57 HEIDELBERG Universität Germany <br />58 University of CALIFORNIA, San Diego United States <br />59 University of WASHINGTON United States <br />60 WASHINGTON University in St. Louis United States <br />61 TOKYO Institute of Technology Japan <br />62 EMORY University United States <br />63 UPPSALA University Sweden <br />64 LEIDEN University Netherlands <br />65 The University of AUCKLAND New Zealand <br />66 LONDON School of Economics and Political... United Kingdom <br />67 UTRECHT University Netherlands <br />68 University of GENEVA Switzerland <br />69 University of WARWICK United Kingdom <br />70 University of TEXAS at Austin United States <br />71 University of ILLINOIS United States <br />72 Katholieke Universiteit LEUVEN Belgium <br />73 University of GLASGOW United Kingdom <br />74 University of ALBERTA Canada <br />75 University of BIRMINGHAM United Kingdom <br />76 University of SHEFFIELD United Kingdom <br />77 NANYANG Technological University Singapore <br />78= DELFT University of Technology Netherlands <br />78= RICE University United States <br />78= Technische Universität MÜNCHEN Germany <br />81= University of AARHUS Denmark <br />81= University of YORK United Kingdom <br />83= GEORGIA Institute of Technology United States <br />83= The University of WESTERN AUSTRALIA Australia <br />83= University of ST ANDREWS United Kingdom <br />86 University of NOTTINGHAM United Kingdom <br />87 University of MINNESOTA United States <br />88 LUND University Sweden <br />89 University of CALIFORNIA, Davis United States <br />90 CASE WESTERN RESERVE University United States <br />91= Université de Montréal Canada <br />91= University of HELSINKI Finland <br />93= Hebrew University of JERUSALEM Israel <br />93= Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Germany <br />95 KAIST - Korea Advanced Institute of Scie... Korea, South <br />96 University of VIRGINIA United States <br />97 University of PITTSBURGH United States <br />98 University of CALIFORNIA, Santa Barbara United States <br />99= PURDUE University United States <br />99= University of SOUTHAMPTON United Kingdom <br />101 - 200 <br />101 VANDERBILT University United States <br />102= University of NORTH CAROLINA United States <br />102= University of SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA United States <br />104 University of LEEDS United Kingdom <br />105 PENNSYLVANIA STATE University United States <br />106= University of ADELAIDE Australia <br />106= University of ZURICH Switzerland <br />108 University College DUBLIN Ireland <br />109 TECHNION - Israel Institute of Technolog... Israel <br />110 GEORGETOWN University United States <br />111 MAASTRICHT University Netherlands <br />112 TOHOKU University Japan <br />113 FUDAN University China <br />114 TEL AVIV University Israel <br />115 University of VIENNA Austria <br />116 Université catholique de LOUVAIN (UCL) Belgium <br />117= MCMASTER University Canada <br />117= QUEEN'S University Canada <br />119 University of ROCHESTER United States <br />120 NAGOYA University Japan <br />121 OHIO STATE University United States <br />122= DURHAM University United Kingdom <br />122= University of MARYLAND United States <br />124= National TAIWAN University Taiwan <br />124= University of OTAGO New Zealand <br />126 ERASMUS University Rotterdam Netherlands <br />127 STONY BROOK University United States <br />128 EINDHOVEN University of Technology Netherlands <br />129 University of WATERLOO Canada <br />130 University of SUSSEX United Kingdom <br />131 University of BASEL Switzerland <br />132 University of CALIFORNIA, Irvine United States <br />133= CARDIFF University United Kingdom <br />133= Technical University of DENMARK Denmark <br />133= University of LIVERPOOL United Kingdom <br />136 University of GHENT Belgium <br />137= Freie Universität BERLIN Germany <br />137= TEXAS A&M University United States <br />139 HUMBOLDT-Universität zu Berlin Germany <br />140 Ecole normale supérieure de LYON France <br />141 University of Science and Technology of ... China <br />142 WAGENINGEN University Netherlands <br />143 NANJING University China <br />144= SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University China <br />144= University of GRONINGEN Netherlands <br />146 University of ARIZONA United States <br />147= CITY University of Hong Kong Hong Kong <br />147= Universität FREIBURG Germany <br />149 Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie PARIS V... France <br />150 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ... Mexico <br />151 RUTGERS, The State University of New Jer... United States <br />152 University of BATH United Kingdom <br />153 University of ABERDEEN United Kingdom <br />154 Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (II... India <br />155= Eberhard Karls Universität TÜBINGEN Germany <br />155= VU University AMSTERDAM Netherlands <br />157 TUFTS University United States <br />158 KYUSHU University Japan <br />159 The University of WESTERN ONTARIO Canada <br />160 QUEEN MARY, University of London United Kingdom <br />161 University of LAUSANNE Switzerland <br />162= CHALMERS University of Technology Sweden <br />162= NEWCASTLE University, NEWCASTLE Upon Tyn... United Kingdom <br />164 SIMON FRASER University Canada <br />165 University of FLORIDA United States <br />166= CHULALONGKORN University Thailand <br />166= Universität GÖTTINGEN Germany <br />168 University of NOTRE DAME United States <br />169 Universität FRANKFURT am Main Germany <br />170= INDIANA University Bloomington United States <br />170= University of CALGARY Canada <br />170= University of LANCASTER United Kingdom <br />173 KTH, ROYAL Institute of Technology Sweden <br />174= HOKKAIDO University Japan <br />174= Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (I... India <br />174= RENSSELAER Polytechnic Institute United States <br />177= University of LEICESTER United Kingdom <br />177= University of OSLO Norway <br />179 University of CAPE TOWN South Africa <br />180= University of COLORADO at Boulder United States <br />180= WASEDA University Japan <br />182 MACQUARIE University Australia <br />183= Lomonosov MOSCOW STATE University Russia <br />183= Université Libre de BRUXELLES (ULB) Belgium <br />185 BRANDEIS University United States <br /> 186= University of BARCELONA Spain <br />187= University of CANTERBURY New Zealand <br />188= POHANG University of Science and Technol... Korea, South <br />189= Technische Universität BERLIN Germany <br />190 Universität STUTTGART Germany <br />191 University of MASSACHUSETTS, Amherst United States <br />192= University of BERN Switzerland <br />193= University of BOLOGNA Italy <br />194 University of READING United Kingdom <br />195 University of ANTWERP Belgium <br />196 University of SAO PAULO Brazil <br />197= DALHOUSIE University Canada <br />197= University of BUENOS AIRES Argentina <br />199 KOBE University Japan <br />200= University of ATHENS GreeceBethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-54694135857266132112009-02-24T15:43:00.001-08:002009-02-24T15:43:33.724-08:00高考英语写作必背200句对译高考英语写作必背200句对译(1)<br /><br />1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.<br /> 依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 <br /> 2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.<br /> 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。<br /> 3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.<br /> 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。<br /> 4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.<br /> 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。<br /> 5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.<br /> 越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。<br /> 6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.<br /> 说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。<br /> 7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.<br /> 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。<br /> 8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.<br /> 应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。<br /> 9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.<br /> 越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。<br /> 10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.<br /> 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。<br /> 11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.<br /> 无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。<br /> 12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.<br /> 一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。<br /> 12a. A proper part-time job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.<br /> 一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。<br /> 14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.<br /> 任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。<br /> 15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.<br /> 当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。<br /> 16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.<br /> 考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。<br /> 17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.<br /> 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。<br /> 18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.<br /> 无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。<br /> 19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.<br /> 尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。<br /> 20. No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.<br /> 没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。<br /> 21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.<br /> 人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。<br /> 22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.<br /> 在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。<br /> 23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.<br /> 事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。<br /> 24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.<br /> 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。<br /> 25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.<br /> 人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。<br /> 26. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.<br /> 从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。<br /> 27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.<br /> 现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。<br /> 28. This is a matter of life and death--a matter no country can afford to ignore.<br /> 这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。<br /> 29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:<br /> 我同意后者,有如下理由:<br /> 30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.<br /> 在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。<br /> 31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.<br /> 这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。<br /> 32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.<br /> 尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡,然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。<br /> 33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.<br /> 环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。<br /> 34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.<br /> 考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。<br /> 35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.<br /> 使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。<br /> 36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.<br /> 尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。<br /> 37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.<br /> 在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。<br /> 38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。<br /> 39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.<br /> 当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。<br /> 40. This issue has caused wide public concern.<br /> 这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。<br /> 41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.<br /> 必须指出学习只能靠自己。<br /> 42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.<br /> 许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。<br /> 43. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:<br /> 就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:<br /> 44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.<br /> 人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.<br /> 即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。<br /> 46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.<br /> 人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。<br /> 47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.<br /> 现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。<br /> 48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.<br /> 一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。<br /> 49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.<br /> 对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。<br />50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.<br /> 对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。<br /><br />51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.<br /> 对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。<br /> 52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.<br /> 通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。<br /> 53. Although people’s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.<br /> 近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。<br /> 54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.<br /> 因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。<br /> 55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.<br /> 通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。<br /> 56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.<br /> 现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。<br /> 57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.<br /> 人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。<br /> 58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.<br /> 同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。<br /> 59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.<br /> 没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。<br /> 60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.<br /> 第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。<br /> 61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.<br /> 成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。<br /> 62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.<br /> 根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。<br /> 63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。<br /> 64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.<br /> 近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。<br /> 65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.<br /> 许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。<br /> 66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.<br /> 但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。<br /> 67. As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:<br /> 就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:<br /> 68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.<br /> 另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。<br /> 69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.<br /> 由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。<br /> 70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.<br /> 近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。<br /> 71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.<br /> 这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。<br /> 72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.<br /> 许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。<br /> 73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.<br /> 首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。<br /> 74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.<br /> 孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。<br /> 75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.<br /> 第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。<br /> 76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.<br /> 当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。<br /> 77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.<br /> 而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。<br /> 78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。<br /> 79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.<br /> 任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。<br /> 80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.<br /> 现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。<br /> 81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.<br /> 父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。<br /> 82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.<br /> 然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。<br /> 83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.<br /> 尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。<br /> 84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。<br /> 85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.<br /> 应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。<br /> 86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.<br /> 只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。<br /> 87. But is it really the case? The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.<br /> 这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。<br /> 88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.<br /> 那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。<br /> 89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.<br /> 然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。<br /> 90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in people's life and economic growth.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。<br /> 91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.<br /> 那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。<br /> 92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.<br /> 农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。<br /> 93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.<br /> 一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。<br /> 94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.<br /> 必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。<br /> 95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts.<br /> 尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。<br /> 96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.<br /> 许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。<br /> 97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants' lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.<br /> 建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。<br /> 98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants' lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.<br /> 总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。<br /> 99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.<br /> 尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。<br /> 100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.<br /> 我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。<br />101. In addition to the obvious problem--loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus.<br /> 除了孤独这一明显的问题之外,我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉。<br /> 102. Freshmen often get lost on campus; fail to find the way to dormitory or library.<br /> 新生常常在校园迷路,不知道去宿舍或图书馆该怎么走。<br /> 103. Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn't catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.<br /> 更重要的是,离开了家乡和父母,看不到任何熟悉的面孔,他们不得不忍受思家之苦,这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。<br /> 104. In the first place, school authorities should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.<br /> 首先,学校应提供更多的服务,帮助新生尽快适应新的生活。<br /> 105. The senior and junior students could share their own experience about how to overcome the difficulty they have ever met, how to adjust to the new environment with the new students.<br /> 高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历:如何克服遇到的困难,如何适应新的环境。<br /> 106. At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in the maintenance of healthy mental condition.<br /> 同时,应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力,这将帮助他们极大地减少对父母的倚赖并且保持健康的精神状态。<br /> 107. In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to help them spend their first day on campus smoothly.<br /> 总之,我们应重视这个问题,尽最大努力帮助他们平稳度过他们最初的校园生活。<br /> 108. There is a general discussion over fashion in recent years. One of the questions under debate is whether a person should choose comfortable clothes, which he or she likes, regardless of fashion.<br /> 近些年,关于时尚存在着广泛的争论。其中一个问题就是一个人是否应选择他喜欢的舒适的衣服,而不管是否时尚。<br /> 109. This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for parents and experts in education.<br /> 这一问题已被越来越多的人所关注,尤其是父母和教育专家。<br /> 110. Many young people always go into raptures at the merely mention of buying fashion clothes. And they seem to be attracted by colorful material, various styles of fashion clothes. There is nothing, they maintain, that can't be compared with fashion clothes. In fact, fashion clothes had become indispensable part of youngster's life.<br /> 许多年轻人一提到时尚服装就兴高采烈。他们似乎被时尚服装那多彩的面料,各种不同的款式所吸引。 111. Many people seem to overlook the basic fact: the major function of clothing is to keep us warm and comfortable.<br /> 许多人似乎忽视了这个基本事实:衣服的基本功能是保持我们舒适和温暖。<br /> 112. Furthermore, people who addict to fashion clothes have to spend more time going shopping and pay more attention to the impression they make on others. As a result, it is impossible to devote enough time and energy in their study and job.<br /> 而且,沉湎于时尚服装的人们不得不花费更多时间逛商店,更加注意自己给别人的印象。因此,他们不可能有足够的时间用于学习或工作。 112a. No one can doubt the essential fact that the traffic problem over the last years has caused wide public concern all over the world. Experts in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that such situation would produce unfavorable effects on economic growth of local areas.<br /> 没有人能否认这一重要事实:最近几年交通问题在全世界受到了普遍关注。越来越多的专家开始相信这种状况将对当地的经济发展产生不利影响。<br /> 114. There are several reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than building of roads. Another primary reason is that there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses.<br /> 关于这个问题,有很多原因。一个主要原因是车辆增加的数量远快于道路的建设。另一个主要原因是私家车过多而公交车不够。<br /> 115. Meanwhile, the numbers of people, who have access to their own cars, have risen sharply in the recent years.<br /> 同时,拥有私人轿车的人数这几年却在快速增加。 116. Moreover, many people, including drivers and cyclists, do not obey the traffic rules properly, especially at busy intersections. And this undoubtedly worsens the already grave situation.<br /> 而且,许多人,包括司机和骑自行车的人,不能很好地遵守交通规则,特别是在繁忙的十字路口,这无疑使本已严重的状况雪上加霜。<br /> 117. The number of private cars in urban areas should be limited while the number of public buses should be increased.<br /> 在城市私人轿车的数量应得到控制而公交车的数量应该增加。<br /> 118. When asked what kind of school they are willing to send their children to attend, many parents say they would choose a boarding school rather than day schools for their children.<br /> 当问到愿意将孩子送到哪种学校的时候,许多父母认为他们会选择寄宿学校而不是日制学校。<br /> 119. Many survey show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to recognize that boarding school provides better environment and facilities for children.<br /> 许多调查显示越来越多的人开始意识到寄宿学校能给他们的孩子提供较好的学习环境和设施。 . At the same time, there are still many people who live under the traditional ideas that day schools play an extremely important role in children's study.<br /> 同时,仍有许多人持传统观点认为日制学校对孩子的学习发挥着极其重要的作用。<br /> 121. On the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.<br /> 一方面,寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其是最近几年,这是无可争辩的。<br /> 122. Students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.<br /> 离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性。<br /> 123. What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.<br /> 而且,生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间,这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。 124. On the other hand, the contribution of day schools can't be ignored.<br /> 另一方面,日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。<br /> 125. Due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.<br /> 因为较高的学费,大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。<br /> 126. Since it is unnecessary to consider student's routine life, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.<br /> 由于无需考虑学生的日常生活,日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。<br /> 127. Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.<br /> 而且,学生生活在自己家中,有舒适的生活,并有更多机会和父母交流,这对他们个性的培养是有利的。<br /> 128. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论,寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。<br /> 129. There is much discussion over science and technology. One of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.<br /> 关于科学技术存在许多争论,其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时,传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡? 130. As for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.<br /> 我认为,传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事,这是社会进步的自然结果。<br /> 131. In the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.<br /> 首先,传统技术方法有些部分是有害的,并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。<br /> 132. Although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.<br /> 尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的,然而在许多偏僻的地方,仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。<br /> 133. In the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.<br /> 第二点,许多传统技术方法已经过时,应被现代科技所取代。<br /> 134. Although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in people's life, an increasing evidences show that it is less useful than many people think.<br /> 尽管许多人保持着传统观念,认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用,但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。<br /> 135. From what has been discussed above, I firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. The maintenance of the traditional technology and methods is futile.<br /> 通过以上讨论,我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡,坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。<br /> 136. At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.<br /> 当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时,我们比任何时候更需要森林。<br /> 137. Nothing is more important than to receive education.<br /> 没有比接受教育更重要的事。<br /> 138. We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.<br /> 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。<br /> 139. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.<br /> 无可否认,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。<br /> 140. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.<br /> 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。<br /> 141. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.<br /> 毫无疑问,我们的教育制度令人不满意。<br /> 142. An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.<br /> 使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。<br /> 143. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.<br /> 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。<br /> 144. So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.<br /> 时间是如此珍贵,我们不能浪费它。<br /> 145. Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.<br /> 虽然我们的国家很富有,但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。 146. The harder you work, the more progress you make.<br /> 你越努力,你越进步。<br /> 147. The more books we read, the more learned we become.<br /> 我们书读得越多,我们越有学问。<br /> 148. To average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that English often means a good opportunity for one's career, is this really the case?<br /> 对于一般人来说,他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作,然而这是真的吗?<br /> 149. By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.<br /> 通过体育锻炼,我们能够始终保持健康。<br /> 150. Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.<br /> 听音乐能使我们放松。<br />151. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.<br /> 我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。<br /> 152. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.<br /> 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。<br /> 153. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.<br /> 违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。<br /> 154. There is no one but longs to go to college.<br /> 人们都希望上大学。<br /> 155. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.<br /> 既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃作运动。<br /> 156. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.<br /> 可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。<br /> 157. Summer is sultry. That's the reason why I don't like it.<br /> 夏天很闷热,这就是我不喜欢它的原因。<br /> 158. The progress of the society is based on harmony.<br /> 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 159. We should bring home to people the value of working hard.<br /> 我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。<br /> 160. Taking exercise is closely related to health.<br /> 作运动与健康息息相关。<br /> 161. We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.<br /> 我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。<br /> 162. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.<br /> 我们的交通状况令人不满意。<br /> 163. Smoking has a great influence on our health.<br /> 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。<br /> 164. Reading does good to our mind.<br /> 读书对心灵有益。<br /> 165. Overwork does harm to health.<br /> 工作过度对健康有害。<br /> 166. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.<br /> 污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。<br /> 167. We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.<br /> 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。<br /> 168. Weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.<br /> 家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题,不仅是城里人,而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。<br /> 169. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.<br /> 众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。<br /> 170. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.<br /> 现在,愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ,我们每人都应该接受法制教育。<br /> 171. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters' behavior.<br /> 从上面我所提到的,我们可以清楚地看到,电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。<br /> 172. There are two reasons for the improvement in people's living conditions. In the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. Furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.<br /> 人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先,我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次,国民经济正在迅速发展,而且出生率已经得到控制。<br /> 173. My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. Finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.<br /> 我对解决这个问题的建议如下:首先,迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次,有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后,对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。<br /> 174. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.<br /> 人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败,有人能够经得起考验,从失败中汲取教训,并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而,另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。<br /> 175. It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.<br /> 人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。<br /> 176. As a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.<br /> 常言道:事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面,科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家的人民饱受公害之苦。<br /> 177. Let's take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.<br /> 就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气,而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外,汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。<br /> 178. It is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.<br /> 普遍认为,在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升,还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。<br /> 179. There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.<br /> 毫无疑问,需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。<br /> 180. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.<br /> 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。<br /> 181. With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.<br /> 随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行,数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着5000多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。<br /> 182. Tourism brings China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization program.<br /> 旅游业给中国带来许多好处。首先,它使中国人了解外界,并有助于促进友谊和理解。其次,在经济上也有利于我国,因为中国现代化建设需要大量的外汇。<br /> 183 Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system.<br /> 旅游业也引起许多问题。例如,它增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。<br /> 184. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.<br /> 此外,中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。<br /> 185. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.<br /> 至于我,我相信,随着我国经济的发展,这些问题必将逐步解决。<br /> 186. A much better and brighter future awaits us.<br /> 我们期望有一个更加光明的未来。<br /> 187. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own.<br /> 每当机遇降临,伴之而来的是成功的希望,但是机遇不能自行实现成功。<br /> 188. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.<br /> 假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志,你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。否则,机遇来临你却无法利用。 189. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.<br /> 成功者与失败者的区别在于处理机遇的态度。成功者做好充分准备迎接机遇的适时来临。而失败者工作懒散,眼看机遇悄然而过。<br /> 190. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.<br /> 我的观点是:在我们的社会里,人人都有许多机遇,但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。<br /> 191. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.<br /> 人类学家已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。<br /> 192. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.<br /> 一个地方的人口越多,对其水。交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。<br /> 193. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.<br /> 儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前,很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。<br /> 194. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.<br /> 父母的教导如果坚定,理性,始终如一,孩子就有可能充满自信。<br /> 195. Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.<br /> 电视,这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术,正在步入一个新时代,一个极为成熟和多样化的时代,这将重塑我们的生活和世界。<br /> 196. Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.<br /> 电视不仅仅是一件电器;它是表达的手段和交流的载体,并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。<br /> 197. I am always amazed when I heard people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.<br /> 每当我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情,说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话,我都倍感诧异。<br /> 198. One of the great early writers wrote that: Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether the measure that the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50 is reasonable.<br /> 一位伟大的作家曾写到:工作是医治人间一切病痛和疾苦的万应良药。如果是这样的话,那么现在的状况应使我们想一想,强迫普通工人在50岁退休是否合理。<br /> 199. "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.<br /> 著名作家萧伯纳曾说过:在这个世界上取得成功的人,都努力去寻求他们想要的机会,如果找不到时,他们就自己创造机会。这一观点现在正在被越来越多的人所接受。<br /> 200. Adler is correct in this assertion that education does not end with graduation.<br /> 阿得勒这句话很正确,教育不能随着毕业而结束。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-42149042298010173772009-02-24T15:41:00.000-08:002009-02-24T15:42:26.217-08:00四个人生故事<strong>四个人生故事<br /><br />1、误会:<br /> 早年在美国阿拉斯加地方,有一对年轻人结婚,婚后生育,他的太太因难产而死,遗下一孩子。他忙生活,又忙于看家,因没有人帮忙看孩子,就训练一只狗,那狗聪明听话,能照顾小孩,咬着奶瓶喂奶给孩子喝,抚养孩子。<br /> 有一天,主人出门去了,叫它照顾孩子。<br /> 他到了别的乡村,因遇大雪,当日不能回来。第二天才赶回家,狗立即闻声出来迎接主人。他把房门开一看,到处是血,抬头一望,床上也是血,孩子不见了,狗在身边,满口也是血,主人发现这种情形,以为狗性发作,把孩子吃掉了,大怒之下,拿起刀来向着狗头一劈,把狗杀死了。<br /> 之后,忽然听到孩子的声音,又见他从床下爬了出来,于是抱起孩子;虽然身上有血,但并未受伤。<br /> 他很奇怪,不知究竟是怎么一回事,再看看狗身,腿上的肉没有了,旁边有一只狼,口里还咬着狗的肉;狗救了小主人,却被主人误杀了,这真是天下最令人惊奇的误会。<br /> 注:误会的事,是人往往在不了解、无理智、无耐心、缺少思考、未能多方体谅对方,反省自己,感情极为冲动的情况之下所发生。<br /> 误会一开始,即一直只想到对方的千错万错;因此,会使误会越陷越深,弄到不可收拾的地步,人对无知的动物小狗发生误会,尚且会有如此可怕严重的后果,这样人与人之间的误会,则其后果更是难以想像。<br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> 2、钉子:<br /> 有一个男孩有着很坏的脾气,于是他的父亲就给了他一袋钉子;并且告诉他,每当他发脾气的时候就钉一根钉子在后院的围篱上。<br /> 第一天,这个男孩钉下了37根钉子。慢慢地每天钉下的数量减少了。<br /> 他发现控制自己的脾气要比钉下那些钉子来得容易些。<br /> 终于有一天这个男孩再也不会失去耐性乱发脾气,他告诉他的父亲这件事,父亲告诉他,现在开始每当他能控制自己的脾气的时候,就拔出一根钉子。<br /> 一天天地过去了,最后男孩告诉他的父亲,他终于把所有钉子都拔出来了。<br /> 父亲握着他的手来到后院说:你做得很好,我的好孩子。但是看看那些围篱上的洞,这些围篱将永远不能回复成从前。你生气的时候说的话将像这些钉子一样留下疤痕。如果你拿刀子捅别人一刀,不管你说了多少次对不起,那个伤口将永远存在。话语的伤痛就像真实的伤痛一样令人无法承受。<br /> 注:人与人之间常常因为一些彼此无法释怀的坚持,而造成永远的伤害。如果我们都能从自己做起,开始宽容地看待他人,相信你(你)一定能收到许多意想不到的结果。帮别人开启一扇窗,也就是让自己看到更完整的天空。<br /> <br /><br /><br /> 3、且慢下手?<br /> 大多数的同仁都很兴奋,因为单位里调来一位新主管,据说是个能人,专门被派来整顿业务;可是日一天天过去,新主管却毫无作为,每天彬彬有礼进办公室,便躲在里面难得出门,那些本来紧张得要死的坏份子,现在反而更猖獗了。<br /> “他那里是个能人嘛!根本是个老好人,比以前的主管更容易唬!”<br /> 四个月过去,就在真正努力为新主管感到失望时,新主管却发威了--坏份子一律开革,能人则获得晋升。下手之快,断事之准,与四月表现保守的他,简直像是全然换个人。<br /> 年终聚餐时,新主管在酒过三巡之后致词:“相信大家对我新到任期间的表现,和后来的大刀阔斧,一定感到不解,现在听我说个故事,各位就明白了:“我有位朋友,买了栋带着大院的房子,他一搬进去,就将那院子全面整顿,杂草树一律清除,改种自己新买的花卉,某日原先的屋主往访,进门大吃一惊的问:“那最名贵的牡丹哪里去了?”我这位朋友才发现,他竟然把牡丹当草给铲了。<br /> 后来他又买了一栋房子,虽然院子更是杂乱,他却是按兵不动,果然冬天以为是杂树的植物,春天里开了繁花;春天以为是野草的,夏天里成了锦蔟;半年都没有动静的小树,秋天居然红了叶。直到暮秋,它才真正认清哪些是无用的植物,而大力铲除,并使所有珍贵的草木得以保存。”说到这儿,主管举起杯来:“让我敬在座的每一位,因为如果这办公室是个花园,你们就都是其间的珍木,珍木不可能一年到头开花结果,只有经过长期的观察才认得出啊!<br /> <br /><br /><br /> 4、宽大:<br /> 这是一个甫自越战归来的士兵的故事。他从旧金山打电话给他的父母,告诉他们:“爸妈,我回来了,可是我有个不情之请。我想带一个朋友同我一起回家。”“当然好啊!”他们回答“我们会很高兴见到的。”<br /> 不过儿子又继续下去“可是有件事我想先告诉你们,他在越战里受了重伤,少了一条胳臂和一只脚,他现在走投无路,我想请他回来和我们一起生活。”<br /> “儿子,我很遗撼,不过或许我们可以帮他找个安身之处。”父亲又接着说“儿子,你不知道自己在说些什么。像他这样残障的人会对我们的生活造成很大的负担。我们还有自己的生活要过,不能就让他这样破坏了。我建议你先回家然后忘了他,他会找到自己的一片天空的。”<br /> 就在此时?l挂上了电话,他的父母再也没有他的消息了。<br /> 几天后,这对父母接到了来自旧金山警局的电话,告诉他们亲爱的儿子已经坠楼身亡了。警方相信这只是单纯的自杀案件。于是他们伤心欲绝地飞往旧金山,并在警方带领之下到停?间去辨认儿子的遗体。<br /> 那的确是他们的儿子没错,但惊讶的是儿子居然,只有一条胳臂和一条腿。<br /> 故事中的父母就和我们大多数人一样。要去喜爱面貌姣好或谈吐风趣的人很容易,但是要喜欢那些造成我们不便和不快的人却太难了。我们总是宁愿和那些不如我们健康,美丽或聪明的人保持距离。 然而感谢上帝,有些人却不会对我们如此残酷。他们会无怨无悔地爱我们,不论我们多么糟总是愿意接纳我们。今晚在你入睡之前,向上帝祷告请?赐给你力量去接纳他人,不论他们是怎么样的人;请?帮助我们了解那些不同于我们的人。<br /> 每个人的心里都藏着一种神奇的东西称为“友情”,你不知道它究竟是如何发生何时发生,但你却知道它总会带给我们特殊的礼物。<br /> 你也会了解友情是上帝给我们最珍贵的赠与!朋友就像是稀奇的宝物。他们带来欢笑,激励我们成功。他们倾听我们内心的话,与我们分享每一句赞美。他们的心房永远为我们而敞开。现在就告诉你的朋友你有多在乎他们。<br /> 试想:朋友,您一路看下来之后;一定有很深的感触吧。那么,在对别人有所决定与判断之前,首先,请想想这是否是一个“误会”,然后,请考虑您是否一定要钉下这个“钉子”,如果可以的话,请“且慢下手”。<br /> 因为,当您对别人“宽大”之时,即是对您自己宽大</strong>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-82024335322240102722009-02-24T15:40:00.000-08:002009-02-24T15:41:20.229-08:00哲理故事<strong>哲理故事<br /> 在营救驻伊朗的美国大使馆人质的作战计划失败后,当时美国总统吉米.卡特即在电视里郑重声明:“一切责任在我。”仅仅因为上面那句话,卡特总统的支持率骤然上升了10%以上。<br /> 做下属的最担心的就是做错事,特别是花了很多精力又出了错,而在这个时候,老板来了句“一切责任在我”,那对这个下属又会是何种心境?<br /> 卡特总统的例子说明:下属对一个领导的评价,往往决定于他是否有责任感,勇于承担责任不仅使下属有安全感,而且也会使下属进行反思,反思过后会发现自己的缺陷,从而在大家面前主动道歉,并承担责任。<br /> 老板这样做,表面上看是把责任揽在了自己身上,使自己成为受遣责的对象,实质上不过是把下属的责任提到上级领导身上,从而使问题解决起来容易一些。假如你是个中级领导,你为你的下属承担了责任,那么你的上司是否也会反思,他也有某些责任呢?一旦公司里上行下效,形成勇于承担责任的风气,便会杜绝互相推委,上下不团结的局面,使公司有更强的凝聚力,从而更有竞争力。<br /> 当问题发生时,寻找解决方法,而不是找代罪羔羊。<br /> 语丝感受:在一个人的成长过程中,每个人所要学习的东西很多很多。其中学会承担责任,是我们人生成长过程中必经的一个重要步骤,是人生旅途中非常重要的一堂课。<br /> 有一个故事发生在1920年。有一天,一名11岁的美国男孩儿踢球时,不小心打碎了邻居家的玻璃,邻居向他索赔12美元。在那个时候,12美元可是不小的数目啊,足足可以买120只下蛋的鸡了!闯了大祸的男孩儿向父亲承认了错误,父亲让他对自己的过失负责。男孩儿为难地说:“我哪有那么多钱陪给人家?”父亲看了看他,拿出12美元说:“这钱可以借给你,但一年以后你必须还给我。”从此,男孩开始打工赚钱。经过半年的努力,终于挣够了12美元,还给了父亲。这个男孩儿就是日后成为美国总统的罗纳德•里根。小男孩儿里根之所以成为总统里根,“责任”二字应该起了很大的作用。<br /> 生活需要责任感,工作中同样需要责任.我们要对家人负责,要对集体负责,也要对社会负责,对国家负责.英国王储查尔斯曾说:“有很多事情我们都不喜欢做,但我们不但要做,而且要做好,这就叫做‘责任’。” 如果人人做事都不负责,我们的社会将变成一团混乱.20世纪初的一位美国意大利移民曾为人类精神历史写下灿烂光辉的一笔。他叫弗兰克,经过艰苦的积蓄开办了一家小银行。但一次银行抢劫导致了他不平凡的经历。他破了产,储户失支了存款。当他拖着妻子和四个儿女从头开始的时候,他决定偿还那笔天文数字般的存款。所有的人都劝他:“你为什么要这样做呢?这件事你是没有责任的。”但他回答:“是的,在法律上也许我没有,但在道义,我有责任,我应该还钱。” 偿还的代价是三十九年的艰苦生活,寄出最后一笔“债务”时,他轻叹:“现在我终于无债一身轻了。”他用一生的辛酸和汗水完成了他的责任,而给世界留下了一笔真正的财富。<br /> 责任的存在,是上天留给世人的一种考验,许多人通不过这场考验,逃匿了;许多人承受了,自己戴上了荆冠;逃匿的人随着时间消逝了,没有在世界上留下一点痕迹;承受的人也会消逝,但他们仍然活着,精神使他们不朽。林肯说得对:“每一个人都应该有这样的信心:人所能负的责任,我必能负;人所不能负的责任,我亦能负。如此,你才能磨炼自己,求得更高的知识而进入更高的境界。</strong>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-10920628218666358112009-02-24T15:39:00.001-08:002009-02-24T15:39:54.309-08:00心理健康离不开道德教育<strong>心理健康离不开道德教育<br />道德教育必须自幼儿开始 <br /> 所谓心理卫生是指个人对生活环境的积极适应,从而达到心理状态的平衡。道德修养则是指个人的人格素质、待人处世的积极态度而言。讲求心理卫生,首先得培养完整健康的人格素质。 <br /> 一个有完整健康人格素质的人,在待人处世上就能保持平静、心胸坦荡荡,能自尊自爱,有良好的人际关系等等。而人格素质的培养却是以道德内容为基础的。 <br /> 道德与心理卫生教育必须自幼儿开始。儿童心理随着年龄增长而变化,家长在这方面扮演着关键性角色。 <br /> 有专家做过研究,父母对子女太过溺爱、照管过度、保护与顺应过度,孩子的性格一般上是任性、依赖性、神经质、粗暴、攻击、幼稚、无责任心、缺乏社会性等等。<br /> 如果父母对子女采取忽视、拒绝、残酷与专制的态度,那么孩子性格就变得情绪不安定、反社会、自我、执拗与企图引人注意等等。 <br /> 对于子女要有适当的爱,不溺爱不忽略,坚持一贯的给予孩子适当的道德教育,孩子就会形成独立性、爽直、协作、亲切与善于交往的性格。 <br /> 一旦他们养成良好的行为习惯,他们的道德认知与道德感情也会随之加强深化与内化,进而巩固他们的行为习惯。 <br /> 但是,我国跻身为发达国家成员,双薪家庭日益增多,父母已经没有多余时间对孩子身教言教了,加上不少家庭事务全由女佣代劳,孩子在生活上完全不必动手动脚动脑,时日一久自然养成依赖性、无责任心、情绪不安定、粗暴、攻击等弊病。 <br /> 孔子的警告“爱之,能勿劳乎?忠焉,能勿诲乎?”(真心爱他,能不让他劳动吗?对他忠实,能不教诲他吗?),在现代发达社会里,理会这道理的人似乎越来越少了,情况的确令人担心。 <br /> 进学后,又因课业繁忙,不少学校特别注重考试科目,非考试科目的公民与道德教育课程有时得靠边站。儿童在家里养成的不良行为习惯无法得到足够的开导与纠正,反而变本加厉。 <br /> 这造成:有的孩子因依赖性强,在心理上没有足够的承受力,遇到挫折便意志消沉;有的因缺乏责任心而吊儿郎当过日,一旦不如人,便自卑自贱;有的因情绪不稳定而无法处理人际关系;有的物以类聚而组成校园暴力破坏集团,欺凌弱小等等。 <br />须训练孩子的自省能力 <br /> 其实,这些都是因道德教育失效而造成心理不健康的现象。如果不设法亡羊补牢,肯定会愈演愈烈。 <br /> 昔日儒家伦理思想在这方面很有启发性,如《三字经》开宗明义就说:“人之初,性本善。性相近,习相远。苟不教,性乃迁。教之道,贵以专。”非常清楚地说明儿童因学习环境不同,性情就相差越来越远。教导的方法最重要的便是始终一贯,只有这样才能从小养成孩子良好的行为习惯。<br />此外,训练孩子的自省能力至关重要。通过自省了解自我,明白所扮演的角色,然后自我定位,可以避免攀比的不正常心理。了解自己,进而了解别人,渐而做到“人不知而不愠”,“克己复礼(社会认可的行为规范)”,不会因“小不忍则乱大谋”。 <br /> 一个人遇事不能暂且容忍,容易冲动而失控,酿成悲剧。同时训练孩子寻找快乐之源,结交益友,互相激励扶持,养成善于与人交往及乐观精神。成长后,他即使遭逢逆境,也会在逆境中保持乐观进取精神,不轻言放弃。 <br /> 儿童时期经过这样的教育与训练,青少年时期便可达到理想的心理健康标准:一、满意的心境。乐于学习,温故知新,有责任感。能随遇而安,不会怨天尤人,更不会自暴自弃。 <br /> 二、和谐的人际关系。能和而不同,躬自厚而薄责于人,不会遭人排挤与攻击。 <br /> 三、统一的人格。了解自我,有自己的定位,不会对于自己所扮演的角色感到混乱与矛盾,所思所为,都是言行一致的。 <br /> 四、有道德判断能力,不会随波逐流而择善固执。 <br />儿童的德育关乎中老年发展 <br /> 人生到了中年时期,待人处世都相对复杂得多。但是青少年时期所达成的心理健康,就能使人安然度过多事之秋的中年。他能克制自己,保持心平气和,善于疏导化解矛盾与冲突。这样,才能在家庭与事业上有所作为。 <br /> 进入老年,懂得认老,能了解自然的规律而不会陷入一些不切实际的想法之中,更不会倚老卖老惹人厌。他可以根据自己的能力把丰厚的人生经验和知识适当地贡献出来,做个老有所用的人。 <br /> 总而言之,人生过程有不同的阶段,每个阶段都有它的连续性,后一个阶段的发展是基于前一个阶段的基础。也就是说,儿童时期的道德教育对于青中老年的心理健康起着非常重要的作用。<br />所以,儿童时期的道德教育是至关重要的。</strong>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-61924038882366939112009-02-06T23:34:00.000-08:002009-02-06T23:35:54.081-08:00Map of Pusat Tuisyen Kita Cemerlang<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhdYIA2iv2bYFrNabPdjbOoKFHKf8MswkYDGTQz9f7fd1sAzbo8OEWbb1tWb_S5kUHOcDnBWPRnJZy_WLrUePkgAFHL9TbBFSNvxZgieHMRT7zguK-gOTDx_hU66F4HsybeSrjA-nkM3Lr/s1600-h/Pusat+Tuisyen+Kita+Cemerlang.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhdYIA2iv2bYFrNabPdjbOoKFHKf8MswkYDGTQz9f7fd1sAzbo8OEWbb1tWb_S5kUHOcDnBWPRnJZy_WLrUePkgAFHL9TbBFSNvxZgieHMRT7zguK-gOTDx_hU66F4HsybeSrjA-nkM3Lr/s400/Pusat+Tuisyen+Kita+Cemerlang.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5299955915092994946" /></a>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-4931000874873670252009-02-03T16:58:00.000-08:002009-02-03T16:59:43.603-08:00SJKC- Level 2 English WordWord List<br />The w ord list consists of words commonly used in the English<br />language. These are high frequency words which learners w ill<br />need even w hen reading simple texts. Teachers should teach<br />pupils to recognize these w ords in context when reading and<br />also understand them in the context of w hat they read. These<br />are also the w ords that pupils w ill use w hen going about their<br />writing task. Teachers are encouraged to add to this list<br />according to the maturity level and ability of their pupils as w ell<br />as the topic being taught.<br />a<br />about *<br />afternoon<br />am<br />an<br />and<br />all<br />are<br />at<br />aw ay<br />back *<br />bag<br />ball<br />bed<br />belt *<br />big<br />blue<br />book<br />boy<br />brother<br />by *<br />came *<br />can<br />cat<br />chair *<br />come<br />day<br />desk *<br />door<br />dog *<br />dow n<br />did<br />father<br />for<br />girl<br />get<br />good<br />go<br />going<br />green<br />has<br />have<br />he<br />help<br />her<br />him<br />his<br />house<br />how<br />is<br />it<br />jump<br />left<br />like<br />Iine<br />live *<br />look<br />man<br />morning<br />mother<br />me<br />my<br />name<br />night<br />no<br />not *<br />now *<br />of<br />old<br />on<br />one<br />our<br />out<br />up<br />pen *<br />pencil<br />play<br />put<br />red<br />right<br />ruler<br />said<br />see<br />she *<br />shoe *<br />sister<br />table *<br />the<br />they<br />their *<br />this<br />tree<br />to<br />up<br />us<br />want<br />was<br />we<br />went *<br />what<br />when<br />where<br />who<br />woman *<br />years *<br />yellow<br />yes<br />you<br />your<br />plus:<br /> days of the w eek<br /> numbers one to ten<br /> numbers eleven to tw enty *<br /> pupil’s name and address<br /> name of school<br /> social expressions and<br />greetings:<br />e.g. good morning<br />good afternoon *<br />good evening *<br />good night<br />goodbye<br />hello<br />thank youBethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-24545825220760552232009-02-03T16:57:00.000-08:002009-02-03T16:58:28.804-08:00SJKC- Level 2 English Grammar6. GRAMMAR<br />Grammar forms part of the language contents in the Curriculum<br />Specifications for Year 2 SJK. Tw o sections have been listed to<br />assist teachers. In section 5 (a), grammar items to be taught have<br />been specified under the different grammar categories. To illustrate<br />what is meant by each category and at the same time to specify the<br />scope and depth of the items to be taught examples are given.<br />In section 5(b), suggested sentence patterns for teaching are given.<br />These sentence patterns are set out under functions. In teaching<br />these patterns, it is important that teachers teach them in context<br />and in a meaningful w ay.<br />6.1 Nouns<br />6.1.1 Proper Nouns (names of people/*places)<br />e.g. Ali, Siva, Cheng, Ipoh, Sabah<br />6.1.2 Gender (masculine, feminine)<br />masculine - boy (he)<br />feminine - girl (she)<br />6.2 Articles (with singular nouns)<br />6.2.1 ‘a’ is used before consonants.<br />e.g. a book, a pencil<br />6.2.2 ‘an’ is used before vowels<br />e.g. an apple, an egg<br />6.3 Pronouns<br />6.3.1 Personal pronouns<br />e.g. I, you, he, she, *they<br />6.3.2 Demonstrative pronouns<br />e.g. this house, that car<br />6.3.3 Interrogative pronouns (‘Wh’ question w ords)<br />i. What<br />e.g. What is this?<br />What is that?<br />ii. Who<br />e.g. Who is he?<br />Who is she?<br />6.4 Prepositions (of location)<br />e.g. in, on, under, *near, *at<br />6.5 Simple Present Tense (for habitual actions)<br />e.g. She walks to school.<br />6.6 Simple Past Tense (regular verb -ed)<br />e.g. He walked to school.<br />6.7 Sentence Types – simple sentence<br />e.g. I am a boy.<br />My name is Kenny Lim.<br />6.8 *Conjunctions e.g. *and, * orBethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-63910273336700258522009-02-03T16:42:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:42:25.385-08:0010萬名的研發及博士高教部目標10萬名<br />“MyBrain 15”培訓研究生<br /><br /><br />莫哈末卡立(中)在阿都峇卡哇(右)陪同下,參觀在會場所展出的部分研究心得。<br />(檳城4日訊)高教部長拿督莫哈末卡立說,政府將推出“MyBrain 15”計劃,使大馬在未來15年內,有多達10萬名的研發及博士生在國內服務。 <br />他希望推出這項計劃,能確保國家擁有足夠人才來推動經濟持續成長。 <br />“作為國家發展的推手,政府意識到,要取得工業與學術上的成長,人力資源的培訓佔著主要一環。” <br />他指出,政府去年推介的國家高等教育大藍圖內,是以研發學術作為高等學府的主力之一,旨在使我國高等教育栽培世界頂尖的人力資源及有素質人才作為推動國家前進動力。 <br />他是在檳英特爾科技(馬)有限公司,代表我國5所高等學府接領該跨國電子廠頒發給19名在該5所大學內進行研發的研究生,作為研發經費與獎勵儀式上致詞時,這么指出。 <br />19名受惠者是分別來自檳理大、工大、北大、瑪拉工藝學院及多媒體大學,他們可共同分享83萬4200令吉獎勵金Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-22665167389938798142009-02-03T16:40:00.002-08:002009-02-03T16:41:33.592-08:00憂鬱症 - 華裔屬高風險壓力大易被纏上<br />憂鬱症無形殺手<br />(古晉4日訊)憂鬱症是一種常見的精神病,無孔不入的威脅大馬人的健康,特別是華裔屬高風險的一群,主要是因生活的要求高,所承受的精神壓力也重。 <br />精神專科醫生顏志權表示,別小視憂鬱症的有形及無形的危害,根據調查顯示,在大馬人口中有10.7%,是出現精神疾病問題,當中又是憂鬱症的精神狀況來佔了偏高。 <br />他說,憂鬱症是無孔不入,無論是男女老少,皆是無人可免疫,遭受壓力越大的人,就越會輕易的被“纏上”。 <br />他說,“患上憂鬱症的初期,若是基因較強的人是可不藥而癒,如果發現本身憂鬱的情況越來越嚴重最好求醫。” <br />“憂鬱症多會使患者對生活感到失去意義,產生厭世心態,很多會去自殺。”Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-40490550232873557602009-02-03T16:40:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:40:33.224-08:00椰油比豬油高3倍飽和脂肪含量<br />椰油比豬油高3倍<br />(新加坡4日訊)水果富含豐富的維他命、礦物質、纖維和水份,是一般人公認的健康食物。不過,營養師提醒公眾,椰子的飽和脂肪含量,比豬油還驚人! <br />以椰子提煉而成的椰油,飽和脂肪含量可達87%,比起豬油的30%,高出將近3倍。 <br />保健促進局成人保健署營養部營養計劃主任盧慧敏指出,雖然水果一向以來都給人健康的印象,多吃水果能延年益壽,不過對榴槤和椰子,則必須趕快“止步”,少吃為妙。 <br />提高血液膽固醇 <br />盧慧敏指出,大部份的水果都是低脂肪食物。但榴槤和椰子的脂肪含量非常高。 <br />她說,由椰子提煉而成的椰奶,其總脂肪含量,比起大部分水果還高。 <br />除了椰奶、以椰製成的奶油、用來煮飯的菜油,也同樣含有高飽和脂肪。 <br />過量和長期攝取飽和脂肪,會提高血液中的膽固醇含量,進而導致血管閉塞,而引致中風。 <br />飽和脂肪也被稱為“壞脂肪”,一般來自動物類食物(如:動物的脂肪和皮)、高脂奶製品(如:牛油、全脂牛奶和奶製品)等。 <br />“不少食物如咖喱肉、黑糯米、椰漿飯、糕點等,使用大量的椰油或椰奶,人們應該減少攝取。” <br />不過,色澤透徹的椰子汁,卻含低卡路里和低糖份,並且不含脂肪。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-63426455015145689002009-02-03T16:39:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:39:54.407-08:00垃圾食物陷阱報告垃圾食物陷阱報告<br />商家刻意隱瞞食品成分<br />1塊炸雞7湯匙油<br />1杯汽水9湯匙糖<br />(吉隆坡4日訊)《垃圾食物陷阱報告》揭露,市面上大部分垃圾食物與零食,其成分都不符合健康標準,對人體造成傷害,惟很多商家都刻意隱瞞食品成分。 <br />這份報告主要針對亞太區6家知名飲食公司的產品,以及市場促銷作出調查。 <br />國際消費者組織吉隆坡分部主任拿督英德然妮指出,快餐食品油量與糖分量驚人,一塊炸雞油量等于7湯匙油,一杯汽水糖分竟然多達9湯匙糖。 <br />她披露,就連一些在市場標榜著健康早餐食品的食物和飲料,都含有驚人糖量,例如本地某知名巧克力飲品,每100克就已含有22.5克的糖,會造成肥胖症和糖尿病。 <br />英德然妮說,通過研究發現,快餐公司行銷手法,對消費者尤其是兒童有著很大影響,容易被說服購買。 <br />她透露,這些生產商在不同的國家,採取不同政策,在有些國家有提供產品成分,在一些國家則無,國際消費者組織曾通過不同管道,嘗試索取產品成分表,惟未獲回應。 <br />英德然妮直言,這些商家在消費權利意識較高的國家,就在產品列出產品成分,反之則奉欠。 <br />她直言,大馬與一些發展中國家雖然近年來,開始制定條例管制快餐廣告,但由于未嚴厲執行,屬于“自律”條例,起不了管制作用。 <br />英德然妮說,國際消費者組織不久前在大馬一所小學做調查,提供多種食品讓學生選擇,當中包括健康食物與垃圾食物,結果大部分參與者比較喜愛垃圾食物,令人擔憂兒童對食物安全的醒覺意識。 <br />料2015年三分一人口超重 <br />《垃圾食物陷阱報告》指出,根據世界衛生組織預測,到了2015年,全球三分一人口的體重將超重,此現象在東南亞發展中國家迅速增長。 <br />根據預測,從2005年至2010年,東南亞國家超重兒童將增加27.5%,主因是缺乏健康飲食生活。 <br />令人擔心的是,超重問題導致許多人患上各種疾病,如糖尿病、心臟病等,也令國家在醫藥方面花費更多。 <br />《垃圾食物陷阱報告》由國際消費者組織(CI)研究編寫,獲得大馬消費人協會聯合會(FOMCA)的支持,並在今日舉行推介禮。 <br />出席者計有:國際消費者組織吉隆坡分部主任拿督英德蘭妮、大馬消費人協會聯合會總秘書穆哈末沙尼、衛生部食物安全與素質組副主任聶莎比南、家庭健康發展部(營養)高級副主任查麗瑪。 <br />報告說,垃圾食物包括快餐、零食、汽水、甚至一些在市場標榜者健康食品的食物,研究者發現大多數含有超標的糖分、鹽分和油量。 <br />穆哈末沙尼說,在2004年,大馬最少有4.1%的5歲以下兒童超重;在2007年,衛生部更撥款1億8000萬令吉,予慢性病如高血壓和高膽固醇,這些疾病的病例也預料在2020年增至13%。 <br />“這足以顯示此事嚴重性,政府必須嚴正看待,否則以后在醫藥治療方面花費更多。” <br />吁嚴格管制垃圾食品 <br />國際消費者組織與大馬消費人協會聯合會,呼籲全球政府制定與嚴格執行法律,管制快餐公司與垃圾食物生產商的市場促銷,以免兒童被錯誤食物資訊荼毒。 <br />英德蘭妮指出,隨著《垃圾食物陷阱報告》出爐,該組織將把報告傳送給全球的分部,以要求當地政府管制各有關公司的市場促銷手法。 <br />她披露,該組織將在世界衛生組織,即將在印度舉行的區域會議,提呈報告和討論。 <br />大馬消費人協會聯合會總秘書慕哈末沙尼說,該協會也會盡快將報告呈給衛生部,以加強快餐管制。 <br />籲全球政府管制垃圾食品<br />1.禁止不健康食品于清晨6時至晚上9時之間,在電台或電視打廣告。 <br />2.不可使用新媒體如網頁、社會聯絡網、文字訊息等,向兒童推銷不健康食物。 <br />3.不可在校園內推銷不健康食物。 <br />4.不可使用贈品、玩具或收藏品系列的方式,向兒童推銷不健康食品。 <br />5.不可通過名人、卡通人物、比賽來推銷不健康食物。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-27174559742068421962009-02-03T16:37:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:37:45.880-08:00健康是最重要的本钱健康是最重要的本钱<br /><br />犹太人精于计算,他们知道少休息少活几年和多休息多活几年的利弊,因此他们对健康特别珍视,认为健康是经商中最重要的本钱。 <br /><br /> 商人的最大特点是工作无定时,视时间如生命如金钱,浪费时间就等于少赚钱,休息就等于浪费时间。但犹太商人则不同,非常注重休息,认为休息好才是健康最重要的保障。在周五太阳落山到周六太阳落山的安息日内,禁烟禁酒禁欲,禁绝一切杂念向神虔诚祈祷,24小时与家人在一起,尽享天伦之乐。这对于修身养性、恢复精力大有禆益。倘有人不理解,可向犹太人提问: <br /><br /> "你们工作1小时可赚80美元,如果每天多休息1小时,每月就少赚2400美元,每年就少赚3万美元,这值得吗?" <br /><br /> 犹太人会以极快的速度回答你: <br /><br /> "假如一天工作16小时,我每天可多赚640美元,那我的寿命将减少5年,按每年收入20万美元计算,5年我将少收入100万美元。倘若我每天休息1小时,我的损失仅是1小时80美元,那我将得到5年的每天7小时,现在我是60岁,倘若我按时休息可再活10年,那么我的损失只是28万,28万和我多收入100万美元比,孰多孰少?"① <br /><br /> 犹太人的生育能力特别强,大卫•李嘉图的母亲生了17个(也可能是23个),修正主义的祖宗伯恩斯坦的母亲生了10个,这都和犹太人强健的体魄有关。而健康的体魄来自于良好的生活方式和健康观念。中世纪的时候,欧洲曾流行过鼠疫,犹太人病死的非常少,这和犹太人严格地履行戒律有很大关系,因为犹太人将饭前洗手和天天洗澡作为一种神圣的宗教义务。《塔木德》中有《健康八训》: <br /><br /> 旅行:适当旅行可以转换心情,多了就有危险。 <br /><br /> 性爱:适当的性爱能令人熟睡,多了引起精力哀退。 <br /><br /> 财富:适当的财富能消除对生活的担心,多了劳心伤神。 <br /><br /> 劳动:从早到晚地劳动令人身心健康,多了会生病。 <br /><br /> 酒:少饮能减少工作压力,多饮容易酒后闹事。 <br /><br /> 睡眠:适当的睡眠帮人恢复精力,多了使人懒惰。 <br /><br /> 热饮:少量热饮可以促进血液循环,多了引起脉搏加速。 <br /><br /> 药物:少量可以治病,大量就会中毒。①<br /><br />塔木德》中专门有犹太饮食法,对洁净和不洁净、可食和不可食的食品都有详细的规定。此外,在生活中犹太人也主张"适度工作适度享乐"。并深信这样一个道理:"如果不能真正的爱自己,怎么能够爱别人呢?"有这样一则故事,恰好体现了犹太人的这样一种人生观: <br /><br /> 一群犹太人路过一个小岛,一种人担心船会漂走而不肯上岛,一种人到岛上走马观花玩了一会儿就上船,另一种人则在岛上流连忘返而错过了返航。② <br /><br /> 犹太人最主张第二种人的生活态度,认为第一种人缺乏生活情趣,第三种人过于贪恋,第二种人"适度享乐,适度工作"。正是这样一种生活态度,让犹太人健康并长寿。否则,一旦身体完了,有再多的钱又有何用? <br /><br /> 此外,幽默不仅是犹太人超越苦难的有力武器,同时也是他们保持身体健康和良好心态的必不可少的调味品。①对犹太人来说,生活的压力太大了,他们无法用泪水和无休止的呻吟来化解它,幽默是一种抵抗痛苦、缓解痛苦、有效调节身心的最好办法。有一则犹太笑话正体现了犹太商人良好的心态: <br /><br /> 约瑟和曼代是一个小酒铺的合伙人。在一个寒冷的冬天,他们驾着马车从城里买了一桶威士忌。走在半路,风太大,约瑟提出要喝一口酒御御寒,曼代不同意,于是约瑟从口袋里拿出公有的5毛钱,希望能买酒喝。曼代是一个生意人,同意了约瑟的请求,舀了一杯酒给约瑟。 <br /><br /> 约瑟喝完酒暖和多了,变得很兴奋。这使曼代很嫉妒,便决定将刚收到的5毛钱买酒喝,约瑟自然也同意了曼代的要求。 <br /><br /> 就这样,这哥俩拿着这仅有的5毛钱,你来我往喝光了整桶的威士忌,结果两个人都醉了。 <br /><br /> "真是个奇迹啊!"约瑟嚷道,"想想看,整整一桶威士忌才花了5毛钱!"② <br /><br /> 有这种良好的心态,容易生病吗?<br />每个犹太人在小的时候,他们的母亲都会经常问他们: <br /><br /> "假如有一天,你的房子被火烧了,你的财产也被抢光了,你会带着什么逃跑呢?" <br /><br /> 如果犹太孩子们的回答是"黄金"或"钻石"之类,母亲就会进一步追问:"有一种东西比黄金和钻石更重要,它没有形状,没有颜色,没有气味,你知道是什么吗?" <br /><br /> 孩子的回答说是"空气",母亲就会告诉他:"空气固然重要,但并不稀有。真正应该带走的是知识,知识是任何人都抢不走的财富,只要你活着,它就会永远跟着你。" <br /><br /> 紧接着,犹太母亲就会给孩子讲这样一个故事: <br /><br /> 有一艘大船出海远行,船上的乘客中除了一位拉比外,全是大亨。 <br /><br /> 大亨们闲来无聊,就互相炫耀自己的财富。正在他们争得面红耳赤时,拉比插话了:"我是你们这群人中最富有的,不信你们走着瞧。" <br /><br /> 船行途中,遇到大风,只好靠岸,一靠岸却遇到了海盗,大亨们的财产被抢劫一空。拉比的智慧和学识很快就受到岸边居民的赏识,他陆续在当地开班授课。 <br /><br /> 而那些大亨们却处境落魄,纷纷前来寻求拉比的帮助。他们见到拉比的第一句话就是:"还是您说的对,您确实是最富有的人。" <br /><br /> 因此,在犹太人的心目中,赚了钱并不等于成功,真正的成功是获取知识和智慧,知识和智慧是任何人都抢不走的财富。正如《塔木德》所言: <br /><br /> 任何有知识的人都不会贫穷。 <br /><br /> 有知识的人拥有一切,而没有知识的人拥有什么呢?人一旦掌握了知识,他还缺少什么呢?如果一个人没掌握知识,那他拥有什么呢?① <br /><br /> 在犹太人心目中,学者的地位不仅高于商人,而且高于国王。"一个学者死了,没有人能代替他,而一个国王死了,所有人都能胜任。"学者成为人们尊敬的中心,一个研究《塔木德》的学者,甚至会享受到免税的待遇。当然,他们推崇的知识是活的智慧,对于那些满腹经纶的书呆子,他们喻之为"背着很多书本的驴子"。《塔木德》说:"富翁和学者谁更伟大?当然是学者,因为学者知道金钱的价值,而富翁却常常不知道知识的价值。"可见,犹太人将知识和智慧抬到多么高的地位Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-32222591067007302062009-02-03T16:30:00.000-08:002009-02-03T16:35:41.361-08:00Museums in KL.<strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Bank Negara Money Museum</strong><br /><br />Housed within the Central Bank building, the Bank Negara Money Museum serves as a repository for the country's numismatic heritage. <br /><br />Bank Negara Malaysia started issuing its own currency in 1967 and since 1979, it has been purchasing coins sporadically with the objective of setting up its own Money Museum.<br /><br />Furthermore, as the Bank regularly receives many visitors each year, including school children and VIPs, the Bank felt it would also be desirable to display its collection and preserve the national heritage by having a public museum to show the evolution of money in the country from early to modern times.<br /> <br />The plan to have an authoritative depository for the Bank's growing numismatic collection became a reality with the opening of the Money Museum on 5 April 1989. <br /><br />It was officially opened by Datin Seri Dr Siti Hasmah Mohamed Ali, wife of the Malaysian Prime Minister, Dato' Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad, in conjunction with the thirtieth Anniversary of Bank Negara Malaysia. <br />An important aim of the museum is to disseminate knowledge pertaining to the evolution of Malaysian currency through its exhibitions and publications. <br />Coins, currency notes, tokens and other artifacts are displayed at the museum.<br /><br />Central Bank of Malaysia<br />Jalan Dato' Onn, Kuala Lumpur<br />Tel: 03-2907461/2907575 <br />Open: <br />9am - 4.30pm (Monday - Friday)<br />9am - 12pm (Saturday)<br />Closed: Sunday and Public Holidays<br />Admission: Free <br /><br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />National History Museum</strong><br />Operating since April 4, 1996, the National History Museum houses exhibits of great import to Malaysian history. <br />A former commercial bank dating back to 1910, the National History Museum enables visitors to discover the wealth of Malaysia's historical heritage through its permanent exhibition of artifacts and materials. The Moorish features and Islamic motifs of this tri-level building blend well with the neighbouring Mogul buildings. <br />The Museum carries out museological activities such as research, collection, recording and publication in regard to the nation's treasures.<br />Among the important items displayed are the table on which the 1874 Pangkor Treaty was signed, and the First Federation of Malaya flag raised after the Union Jack flag was lowered signaling the independence of the Malay states from Britain on the night of August 31, 1957. <br />Exhibits include a 520 million-year-old metamorphic sandstone, a 40,000-year-old homo sapien skulls and an eight-sided gold coin dating back to the 15th century.<br />29, Jalan Raja, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-2694 4590/2694 4591/2694 4592<br /><br />Open: 9am - 6pm, daily<br />Admission: Free <br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Textile Museum</strong><br />Located within the Sultan Abdul Samad Building, the Textile Museum displays an interesting range of Malays'ianmade textiles from various states.<br /><br />The Textile Museum was established to serve as a repository for Malaysia's textile heritage, it also plays a role in disseminating information to visitors regarding the usage, creativity and foreign influence evident in local Malaysian textiles. Its galleries offer visitors a glimpse into the art of batik printing, Malaysia's popular handicraft, songket and pua weaving. Among them are batik pelangi which incorporates the tie-resist method of decorating cloth practised by the Malays during the 18th and 19th century; kain dostar, a native fabric of the Lanun and Bajau tribe and puo kumbu, a prized traditional material of the lbans of Sarawak.<br />Jalan Raja, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.<br />Tel: 03-2691 7136 <br />Open: 9.30am - 6pm, daily<br />Admission: RM1 <br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Malaysian Armed Forces Museum</strong><br /><br />Malaysian Armed Forces Museum is located in the vicinity of the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) complex at Jalan Padang Tembak. <br /><br />The Malaysian Armed Forces Museum was established in 1985 to develop and maintain a national collection of historical material pertaining to Malaysian military history from 1933 to the present. <br />It has always been the Armed Forces' aspiration to set up an Armed Forces Museum since the early 1950s. However, the collection of artifacts for the museum only began in 1961 at the encouragement of General Tunku Osman Tunku Mohd Jewa. <br /><br />JENERAL LEFTENAN JENERAL MEJAR JENERAL BRIGEDIER JENERAL KOLONEL<br /> <br />LEFTENAN KOLONEL MEJAR KAPTEN LEFTENAN LEFTENAN MUDA<br /><br />PEGAWAI WARAN I PEGAWAI WARAN II STAF SARJAN<br /><br />SARJAN KOPERAL LANS KOPERAL<br />Five galleries are devoted to specific areas designated for the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. It now houses an interesting collection of artifacts from World War II, the Communist Insurgency and Indonesian Confrontation. Military technology, heraldry and achievements of military commanders are among the exhibits displayed at the museum. <br /><br />Here, the visitor will be able to catch a glimpse of Malaysia's military exhibits such as historical pictures, uniforms and decorations of the Malaysian armed forces, the Malaysian armory, naval guns, artillery, old canons, military aircraft and vehicles.<br /><br />Jalan Padang Tembak, Kuala Lumpur<br />Tel: 03- 2692 1333<br /><br />Open: 10am - 4pm, daily. <br />Closed: Friday, Hari Raya Puasa and Hari Raya Haji<br /><br />Admission: Free <br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Royal Malaysian Air Forces Museum </strong><br /><br />The Royal Malaysian Air Forces Museum was officially opened to the public on the 2 Jun 85 -- coinciding with the 27th anniversary of the formation of the Royal Malaysian Air Force -- by the Chief of Armed Forces Staff, Gen Tan Sri Ghazali bin Dato Mohd Seth. <br /><br />It was a simple beginning for the Museum at the Sungai Besi Air Force Base. The inventory then consisted of only five aircraft as exhibits.<br /><br />For two years the Musuem occupied half a hangar belonging to No 2 Sqn. So when the new base at Subang became operational in 1987, many units moved to Subang. <br /><br /><br />The Museum quickly laid claims to the Engineering Support Unit hangar next door and the building complex next to it, which used to accommodate the Heli FTS. <br /><br />With such "luxurious" facilities, the Museum started its acquisition plan to bring back to the Air Force aircraft that were phased out since the early 1960s. <br /><br />Only one aircraft, the Handley Page Herald 401 is yet to be acquired. Sadly, the Museum's effort to acquire A Herald from Channel Express (Air Services) Ltd who phased out their Herald fleet in 1999 was not successful. To date the Museum's collection consist of 17 aircraft. <br /> <br /><br />The Museum has many exhibits and is beginning to run out of space. So most of the larger aircraft are parked outside in the open while the smaller and delicate ones occupy its only hangar. Two of the oldest aircraft from the early years before the formation of the RMAF are also being exhibited. <br /><br />Currently, 18 aircraft are on display in the hangar and the Museum compound. Two of them, the Alouette III helicopter and the DHC-4 Caribou, however, are still in RMAF service. <br />Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer <br />Scottish Aviation Single Pioneer <br />Percival Hunting Piston Provost <br />Scottish Aviation Bulldog <br />Bell 47G-5 helicopter <br />de Havilland Dove <br />CAC Avon-Sabre jet <br />Cessna 310F <br />de Havilland Chipmunk <br />de Havilland Tiger Moth <br />Canadair CL41G Tebuan <br />North American Harvard <br />de Havilland Heron <br />HU-16 Albatross <br />A-4PTM Skyhawk <br />Westland Wasp <br />There are also items displayed such as photographs, articles, aircraft models, uniforms, mementos, engines, armament and communication equipment which depict the history and development of the Air Force in Malaysia. <br /><br />Jalan Padang Tembak, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-241 1133 ext. 4129/4198<br /><br />Open: <br />8am - 4pm (Monday - Thursday)<br />8am - 5pm (Saturday)<br />10am - 5pm (Sunday)<br />Closed: Friday<br /><br />Admission: Free<br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Royal Malaysian Police Museum </strong><br /><br />Officially opened in 1961, the Royal Malaysian Police Museum displays some 2,500 items pertaining to crime and crime prevention. They include items related to gaming and lotteries, secret societies' lethal weapons, offences, crime charts, weapons surrendered or captured from communist insurgents, communist documents and photographs of the police force.<br /><br />No. 5, Jalan Perdana, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-2272 5689/2272 5690<br /><br />Open: 10am - 6pm, daily inclusive Public Holidays<br />Closed: Monday.<br />Admission: Free <br />Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Biomedical Museum<br /><br />It aims to be a central biomedical reference repository for Institute for Medical Research (IMR) and the Ministry of Health (MOH) which was establish in 1983. It is located ta Jalan Pahang,<br /><br />The IMR Layout Model Plan is exhibited in the lobby of the museum together with posters of research highlights. Historical exhibits of instruments used by past researchers are also displayed in the lobby. <br /><br />These include items such as a centrifuge, autoclaves, and there is also an educational model showing various habitats where different species of mosquitoes are found which have appropriately been labeled to inform the public about which vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, are transmitted by the mosquitoes shown. <br /> <br /><br />The biomedical museum has two exhibition galleries. In the historical section, there are posters displaying the history of IMR with its achievements and research write-ups. There are also displays of photographs of past researchers and their research activities. <br /><br />In this gallery too, there is a collection of antique laboratory equipment, such as microscopes, scales or balances and other small equipment. There are also preserved specimens of human organs showing various pathologies and these have appropriately been labeled and displayed in a special section. <br /><br />There are also displays of several publications and annual reports from the years 1900 – 1929. The photographs of past Directors of IMR since 1900 are also on exhibit for the added interest and information of visitors. <br /><br />The second gallery displays several posters showing current research findings and achievements of IMR since its beginnings in the 1900s. There are also displays of IMR souvenirs in celebration of the institute's 50, 75 and 100 years. <br /><br />The museum specimen room has a collection of dry specimens of small mammals, such as rodents, squirrels, flying squirrels and flying foxes . There are also preserved wet specimens of reptiles, amphibians and mammals, such as snakes, frogs and bats . Some of these specimens have been displayed in the corridors between the galleries. <br /><br />Researchers from the local institutions as well as from centres outside the country use the facilities of the biomedical museum as a source of reference with emphasis on the study of zoonotic diseases and their modes of transmission, as well as rodent control measures. <br /><br />Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-298 6033<br /><br />Open: <br />7.30pm - 4.45pm (Monday to Friday)<br />7.30am - 1.15pm (Saturday)<br />Closed: 12.15pm - 2.45pm, Friday<br /><br />Admisson: Free<br /><br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Asian Art Museum</strong><br />Set up in 1973 the Asian Art Museum displays sculptures, collections of textiles originating from various Asi countries. The museum prorr research activities and contains some 2,000 volumes on Asian art films, slides and pictures for research purposes.<br /><br />University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-7957 1066/1<br /><br />Open:<br />8.45am - 4.45pm (Monday - Friday)<br />8.45am - 12.30pm (Saturday)<br />Closed: Public Holidays<br />12pm - 2pm (Friday) <br /><br />Admission: Free <br /> <br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums <br />MISC Museum</strong><br /><br />Set up by the Malaysian International Shipping Corporation in 1992, the MISC Museum is the first of its kind Malaysia. Located at the ground floor of Wisma MISC in Jalan Conlay, the Museum gives an insight into MISC's development as the national shipping line since its incorporation in 1968. The museum is divided into 12 sections, each dealing with a particular range of related subjects such as shipbuilding, ships of the world, communications at sea, history of ships in Malaysia, maritime laws and career at sea.<br /><br />Wisma MISC, 2, Jalan Conlay, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-242 8088<br /><br />Open:<br />8.30am - 4.30pm (Monday - Friday)<br />8.30am - 12.30pm (Saturday)<br /><br />Admission: Free<br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Maybank Numismatic Museum</strong><br /><br />The Maybank Numismatic Museum is located on the first floor of Menara Maybank at Jalan Tun Perak. It is situated near Pudu Raya Bus Terminal in KL.<br /><br />Set up in 1988, the Maybank Numismatic Museum was set up to preserve the country's currency heritage. It houses an impressive collection of coins and notes from the time of early Malaya until the present day. <br /><br /><br />There is a collection of local and regional coins and notes, and interestingly, some dating back to the Melaka Sultanate. The museum also serves as a centre for research into Malaysia's numismatic history. <br /><br />Visitors are not allowed to take photographs, but there are postcards and brochures depicting the collection.<br /><br />100, Jalan Tun Perak, 1st Floor, Menara Maybank, Kuala Lumpur (Situated near Pudu Raya Bus Terminal). <br />Tel: 03-230 8833 ext 3099<br /><br />Open: 10am - 6pm, daily. <br />Closed: Public Holidays<br /><br />Admission: Free <br /> <br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Forestry Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)</strong><br /><br />Located on the sprawling grounds of the Forestry Research Institute Malaysia at Kepong, 15km from the city is the FRIM Museum. The arboretum was established in 1952 with the objective of collecting and displaying the different varieties of tree species found in the country.<br /><br />The museum also serves to educate the public on Malaysia's rich forest heritage and exhibits the different species of wood, their use and products.Guided tours are available by prior appointment.<br /><br />Museum Kepong, Selangor. <br />Tel: 03-6274 2633<br /><br />Open: <br />8am - 4.15pm (daily)<br />8am - 12.45prn (Saturday)<br />Closed: Sundays and Public Holidays<br /><br />Admission: RM3 per car <br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia</strong><br /><br />The Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia located at Jalan Lembah Perdana houses various themed galleries. Among the galleries found here is the Islamic Architecture Gallery which showcases miniature replicas of renowned buildings such as the Taj Mahal, lmam lsmail Albukhary Mosque and Museum and the Amir Timur Mausoleum.<br /> <br /><br />Apart from this gallery is the Standard Chartered Ottoman Room which displays objects from the reign of the Ottoman Empire of Turkey and Syria. In the AI-Quran and Manuscript Gallery is a collection of more than 200 Islamic manuscripts which include a 30-judz' AI-Quran from the Ming Dynasty.<br />Jalan Lembah Perdana, 50480 Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-2074 2020<br /><br />Open: 10am - 6pm (Tuesday-Sunday)<br />Closed: Monday<br /><br />Admission: RM8 <br /><br /><strong><br />Kuala Lumpur - Museums<br />Telekom Museum</strong><br /><br />Standing among Kuala Lumpur's skyscrapers at the junction of Jalan Raja Chulan and Jalan Gereja is a unique two story building of Neo Classical Greek architecture. <br /><br />Built in 1928 to house the Central Battery Manual Telephone Exchange, this building with eight imposing pillars as its dominant feature was gazette for conservation in 1985 after the Prime Minister stepped in to stop it from being demolished to make way for a new 26 story office complex. Over 10 million was spent in its restoration.<br /><br />The building itself was used as a telephone exchange in the old days. Today, this 70-year-old two-storey building contains eight imposing columns and features a sprawling 900 square metres of exhibition space. It is the first interactive museum in the country. <br />Known as the Museum Telekomunikasi Negara or National Telecommunications Museum it captures 120 years of telecommunications development, from the early days of the Morse Code Telegraph with its "ketuk-ketuk" to the cellular phones and digital networks of today.<br /><br />Jalan Gereja, Kuala Lumpur.<br />Tel: 03-201 9966<br /><br />Open: 9.00am - 5.00pm, Tuesday - Sunday. <br />Closed: Monday<br /><br />Admission: Free <br /><br /><strong><br />Kuala Lumpur - Memorials<br />P. Ramlee Memorial</strong><br /><br />Situated along Jalan P.Ramlee (formerly Caunterhall Road), this newly restored wooden house commemorates the late P. Ramlee, Malaysia's foremost entertainer. <br /><br />Built originally in 1926 by his father and uncle, the house had previously undergone succesive repairs before being taken over by the National Archives as an extension of its P.Ramlee Memorial project in Kuala Lumpur. <br /> <br /><br />The legacy of Malaysia's talented and versatile actor, director, singer and composer, P. Ramlee, is well-documented for posterity in this memorial. The memorial is established on 27 February 1984.<br /><br />The memorial which is housed at the former residence of the late versatile artiste, is specially dedicated for his vast contributions in performing arts. The house is carefully furnished to resemble the original setting of his youth. <br /><br /><br />The exhibits are displayed within six sections of the house, each covering a different perspective of the artist's life and work. On display are exhibits and audio-visuals on his involvement in music and films, personal items and achievements.<br /><br />The displays inside and outside the house features the main living areas and also the life history of P.Ramlee. Various artifacts include his personal memorabilia related to his life in Penang, and items belonging to his family.<br /> <br /><br />The memorial is maintained by Arkib Negara Malaysia (Archive of Malaysia).<br />22, Jalan Dedap, Taman P.Ramlee, KL<br />Tel: 03-4023 1131<br /><br />Open: 10am - 5pm (daily)<br />Closed: Monday, except Public and School Holidays<br /><br />Admission : Free<br /><br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Memorials<br />Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Memorial</strong><br /><br /><br />The Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Memorial, located at Jalan Dato' Onn, is dedicated to the memory of Malaysia's first Prime Minister, YTM Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj. <br /><br />The late Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra AI-Haj, who is also known as Malaysia's "Father of Independence" is a great leader and statesman instrumental in achieving independence for the nation from the British. <br />The memorial showcases the many aspects of Malaysia's first prime minister. It offers visitors a deeper insight into the life of a respected world leader and his legacy that continues to inspire the present. It also serves as a permanent custodian for all archival, museum and library materials of the Tunku as he was fondly called by Malaysian's. <br /><br />The exhibition space of the memorial covers 120,000 sq. meters and has massive collection of museum items including the Tunku's archived materials, mementos, books and letters. The memorial provides extensive information about the Tunku and his achievements.<br /><br /><br />Visitors and researchers are able to view the materials on display and also conduct research into the life and times of this enigmatic statesman. Slide shows are held at the mini theatre.<br /><br />The monument, which sits on 7.5 acres of landscaped garden, was the residence cum office of the late Tunku during histenure as prime minister.<br /><br /><br />Jalan Dato Onn, Kuala Lumpur. <br />Tel: 03-2694 7277<br /><br />Open: 10am - 5.30pm (Tuesday - Sunday)<br />Closed: Monday (except School Holidays and Public Holidays)<br />12.15pm - 2.45pm (Friday)<br /><br />Admission: Free<br /><br /><br /><strong>Kuala Lumpur - Memorials<br />Tun Abdul Razak Memorial</strong><br /><br />Further down the road from the Deer Park is the Tun Abdul Razak Memorial, once the official residence of Malaysia's second Prime Minister, the late Tun Abdul Razak bin Dato' Hussein, who was popularly known as "The Father of Development". <br /><br />Built in October 1961, the current Tun Abdul Razak Memorial used to be the official residence of Malaysia's second Prime Minister until his death in 1976. This house, known as Sri Taman, was later occupied by the country's third Prime Minister, Tun Hussein Onn. <br /><br />This impressive building holds a wide collection of Tun Abdul Razak personal and official memorabilia, gathered during his tenure as Prime Minister from 1970-1976. There are also some also gifts, souvenirs and mementos that Tun Abdul Razak received in his lifetime.<br /><br />The interior displays his rooms set with original furniture and his private collection of walking sticks. Outside is his speed boat and golf cart. <br /><br /><br />Sri Taman, Jalan Perdana, Kuala Lumpur (vicinity of Kuala Lumpur Lake Gardens)<br />Tel: 03-2691 2246<br /><br />Open: 10am - 5.30pm (Tuesday - Sunday)<br />Closed: Monday (except School Holidays and Public Holidays),<br />12.15pm - 2.45pm (Friday)<br /><br />Admission: FreeBethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-84806708322485935772009-02-03T16:29:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:29:54.129-08:00各式食材中英文對照麵粉/中筋麵粉 Plain flour /all-purpose flour<br />低筋麵粉/低根粉 cake flour / soft flour / weak flour / low protein flour<br />高筋麵粉/筋麵/根麵/高根粉 gluten flour / strong flour / bread flour / baker's flour / high protein flour<br />全麥麵粉 whole wheat flour<br />澄麵粉/澄粉/澄麵 non-glutinous flour / wheat flour / wheat starch<br />自發麵粉 self- raising flour<br />粗玉米豆粉 polenta / yellow cornmeal<br />粟粉/粟米粉/玉米粉/玉米澱粉 corn flour / cornstarch<br />生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 potato starch / potato flour<br />樹薯粉/木薯粉/茨粉/菱粉/泰國生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉 Tapioca starch / tapioca flour<br />蕃薯粉/地瓜粉 sweet potato flour<br />馬蹄粉 water chestnut flour<br />葛粉 arrowroot flour<br />臭粉/胺粉/阿摩尼亞粉/嗅粉 powdered baking ammonia / carbonate of ammonia / ammonia bicarbonate / ammonia carbonate / hartshorn<br />發粉/泡打粉/泡大粉/速發粉/蛋糕發粉 baking powder<br />蘇打粉/小蘇打/梳打粉/小梳打/食粉/重曹 baking soda / bicarb ofsoda<br />塔塔粉/他他粉 cream of tartar<br />卡士達粉/蛋黃粉/吉士粉/吉時粉/ custard powder<br />卡士達/克林姆/奶皇餡/蛋奶餡 custard / pastry cream<br />蛋白粉 egg white powder?<br />粘米粉/黏米粉/在來米粉/在萊米粉/再來米粉 rice flour<br />糕仔粉 cooked rice flour<br />糯米粉 glutinous rice flour / sweet rice flour<br />鳳片粉/熟糯米粉/糕粉/加工糕粉 fried sweet rice flour / fried glutinous rice flour<br />綠豆粉 mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee<br />小麥胚芽/麥芽粉 wheat germ<br />小麥蛋白/麵筋粉 wheat gluten<br />鹼水/(木見)水 alkaline water/lye water/potassium carbonate<br />白礬 alum<br />硼砂 borax<br />石膏 gypsum<br />酵母/酒餅 yeast/ibu roti<br />麵包/麵飽 bread<br />土司麵包/吐司 toast<br />麵包糠/麵包屑 breadcrumbs<br />香草豆/香草莢/香草片/香子蘭莢 vanilla bean/vanilla pod<br />香草精/雲尼拉香精/凡尼拉香精 vanilla extract/vanilla essence<br />香草粉 vanilla powder<br />班蘭粉/香蘭粉 ground pandan/ground screwpine leaves/serbok daun pandan<br />班蘭精/香蘭精 pandan paste/pasta pandan<br />玫瑰露/玫瑰露精 rosewater/rosewater essence essence<br />杏仁粉 almond flour/almond mieal<br />皮屑 grated zest/grated rind<br />海苔粉 ground seaweed<br />黑蔗糖漿/糖蜜/甘蔗糖蜜 molasses<br />金黃糖漿 golden syrup<br />楓糖漿/楓樹糖漿/楓糖 maple syrup<br />玉米糖漿 corn syrup/karo syrup<br />葡萄糖漿 glucose syrup<br />麥芽糖漿 barley maltsyrup/maltsyrup<br />麥芽糖 maltose/malt sugar<br />焦糖 carmael<br />果糖 Efructos<br />乳糖 lactose<br />轉化糖 invert sugar<br />日式糙米糖漿 amazake<br />綿花糖霜 marshmallow cream cream<br />冰糖 ROCK sugar<br />椰糖/爪哇紅糖 palm sugar/gula malacca<br />黃砂糖 brown sugar<br />紅糖?/黑糖? dark brown sugar<br />紅糖?/黑糖? muscovado sugar<br />金砂糖? demerara sugar<br />原蔗糖 raw sugar/raw cane sugar/unrefined cane sugar<br />白砂糖/粗砂糖 white sugar/refined sugar/refined cane sugar/coarse granulated sugar<br />細砂糖/幼砂糖 castor sugar<br />糖粉 icing sugar/confectioners' sugar<br />糖霜/點綴霜 icing/frosting<br />蜜葉糖/甜葉菊 stevia/honey leaf<br />代糖/阿斯巴甜 aspartame/sweetener/sugar substitute<br />牛油忌廉 butter cream<br />什色糖珠 HUNDREDS & THOUSANDS<br />巧克力米/朱古力米 chocolate vermicelli<br />巧克力削/朱古力削 chocolate curls<br />巧克力珠/朱古力珠 choc bits/chocolate chips<br />椰絲/椰茸/椰子粉 desiccated coconut/shredded coconut<br />涼粉/仙草 grass jelly<br />果子凍/果凍粉/(口者)喱 jelly<br />魚膠粉/吉利丁/明膠 gelatine sheets/powdered gelatine <br />大菜/大菜絲/菜燕/燕菜精/洋菜/洋菜粉/瓊脂 agar agar powder<br />食用色素 food colouring<br />牛油/奶油 butter<br />瑪珈琳/瑪琪琳/乳瑪琳/雅瑪琳/人造奶油/菜油 margarine<br />起酥油/起酥瑪琪琳 pastry margarine / oleo margarine<br />豬油/白油/大油/板油? lard / cooking fat<br />酥油/雪白奶油 shortening<br />硬化椰子油 copha<br />烤油? dripping<br />淡忌廉 light cream/coffee cream/table cream<br />鮮奶油/忌廉/鮮忌廉 cream/whipping cream<br />包括﹕<br />1 light whipping cream<br />2 heavy whipping cream/heavy cream/thickened cream<br />3 double cream/pure cream<br />酸奶油/酸忌廉/酸奶酪?/酸乳酪? sour cream<br />酸奶 buttermilk<br />牛奶/鮮奶/鮮乳 milk<br />奶粉 powdered milk / milk powder<br />花奶/淡奶/奶水/蒸發奶/蒸發奶水 evaporated milk<br />煉奶 condensedmilk/sweetened condensed milk<br />起士/起司/芝士/乳酪/奶酪/乾酪/乳餅 cheese<br />起司粉 powdered cheese<br />奶油起司/芝士忌廉/奶油乳酪/凝脂乳酪 cream cheese<br />瑪斯卡波尼起司/馬司卡膨起司/馬斯卡波涅起司/義大利乳酪 mascarpone cheese<br />優格/乳果/酸奶酪?/酸乳酪? yoghurt<br />優酪乳 yoghurt drink/drinking yoghurt<br />黃豆 soy bean<br />紅豆 red bean/adzuki bean<br />紅豆沙/烏豆沙 red bean paste<br />綠豆 mung bean<br />綠豆片 split mung bean<br />薏米 pearl barley<br />沙莪粒/西米/小茨丸 pearl sago/pearl tapioca<br />蓮藕 lotus root<br />蓮蓉 lotus paste<br />紅棗 chinese red dates<br />蜜棗 preserved red dates<br />棗泥 red date paste<br />龍眼乾/龍眼肉/桂圓/圓肉dried longan<br />葡萄乾 raisin<br />柿餅 dried persimmon<br />桃脯 dried peach<br />杏脯 dried apricot<br />蘋果脯/蘋果乾 dried apple<br />陳皮 dried orange peel/dried tangerine peel<br />百合 dried lily bulb<br />蜜漬櫻桃/露桃/車梨子 glace cherry/candied cherry<br />蜜漬鳳梨 glace pineapple/candied pineapple<br />腰子豆/腰果/腰果仁/介壽果 cashew nut<br />花生 peanut<br />瓜子/南瓜子 pepitas / dried pumpkin seeds<br />崧子/松子仁 pine nut<br />栗子 chestnut<br />栗蓉 chestnut puree / chestnut paste<br />核桃/核桃仁/合桃/胡桃 walnut<br />杏仁/杏仁片/扁桃 almond<br />北杏/苦杏仁 apricot kernel / chinese almond / bitter almond<br />南杏 apricot kernel<br />榛果/榛仁 hazelnut / filbert / cobnut<br />開心果/阿月渾子 pistachio<br />堅果/澳洲堅果/夏威夷果/澳洲胡桃/澳洲栗/澳洲核桃/昆士蘭龍眼/昆士蘭栗macadamia / california nut<br />山胡桃/胡桃 pecan<br />石鼓仔/馬加拉/油桐子 candlenut / buah keras<br />白果/銀杏 ginkgo nut<br />檳榔 betel<br />芝麻 sesame seed<br />蓮子 lotus seed<br />罌粟子 poppy seed<br />亞答子 atap seed<br />法式吐司 french toast<br />裸麥麵包 rye bread<br />派/批 pie<br />塔/撻 tart<br />凍派/凍批 cream pie<br />蛋塔 egg tart / custard tart<br />法式蛋塔 quiche lorraine<br />戚風蛋糕 chiffon cake<br />海綿蛋糕 sponge cake<br />泡芙 choux pastry / puff<br />瑪琳/焗蛋泡 meringue<br />蛋蜜乳 eggnog<br />可麗餅 Ecrepe<br />煎餅/熱餅/薄烤餅 pancake<br />厚鬆餅 pikelet / hotcake<br />墨西哥麵餅 tortillas<br />曲奇 cookies<br />慕斯/慕思 mousse<br />布甸/布丁 pudding<br />司康/比司吉 scones<br />舒芙蕾 souffles<br />洋芋塊 hash brown<br />英式鬆餅/瑪芬麵包 english muffin<br />鬆糕/瑪芬 american muffin <br />格子鬆餅 waffle<br />蕃茄醬: ketchup<br />水蜜桃罐頭: peaches in syrup<br />切片水蜜桃罐頭: sliced peaches in syrup<br />綜合水果罐頭: cocktail fruit in syrup <br />蘇打餅干: saltine crackers<br />白醋: rice vinegar (工研醋)<br />烏醋: black vinggar<br />辣椒醬: chili sauce<br />牛頭牌沙荼醬: bull head barbecue sauce/Chinese barbecue sauce<br />抹荼粉: green tea powder<br />餛鈍皮: wonton wrapper/wonton skins<br />水餃皮: dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper.<br />春捲皮: spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper......<br />黑木耳: dried black fungus<br />燒海苔: roasted seaweed sushi nori<br />蝦米: dried shrimp<br />鹹蛋黃: salted egg yolk<br />杏桃果膠 apricot glaze<br />薑粉 ginger powder<br />洋梨 pear<br />杏桃 apricot<br />無花果乾 dried fig<br />手指餅乾 sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi(義大利名)<br />蕃茄醬 tomato sauce(普通甜的)<br />蕃茄醬 tomato paste(義大利料理用的)<br />白醋 white vinegar(西洋料理用的)<br />豆辦醬 chilli bean sauce<br />XO醬 XO sauce<br />桂圓 dried longan<br />黑木耳 black fungus / wood ear fungus<br />燒海苔 toasted nori seaweed<br />板海苔 nori seaweed / dried sea laver<br />南乳 fermented red beancurd<br />雜糧預拌粉 multi-grain flour<br />威化餅乾 wafer biscuit<br />幼糖 caster sugar<br />軟化牛油 soft butter<br />麵粉 plain flour<br />玉米粉 ( 太白粉) cornflour<br />自發麵粉 self-raising flour<br />乾椰絲 dessicated coconut<br />葡萄乾dried currant<br />糖份混合物 icing sugar mixtureBethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-45619287848542722502009-02-03T16:26:00.001-08:002009-02-03T16:26:54.094-08:00Punctuality is a necessary habitPunctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairs in civilized society. <br />Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be <br />in a state of chaos. Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible <br />to disregard it. In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of <br />unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has <br />everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore <br />forgiven if late for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for <br />unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for <br />energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to <br />finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on <br />the way, like punctured tyres, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, <br />they will be on time. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than <br />those who are never late. The over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as <br />the unpunctual. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest <br />nuisance. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit. The only thing to <br />do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guests. Then they <br />arrived just when we wanted them. <br />If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than <br />even a fraction of a minute too late. Although being early may mean wasting a <br />tittle time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an <br />hour or more for the next one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the <br />very moment when the train is drawing out of the station and being unable to get <br />on it. An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a <br />train and still to see it go off without you. Such an experience befell a <br />certain young girl the first time she was travelling alone. <br />She entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her <br />parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and <br />cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet <br />her. She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror <br />he said that she was two hours too soon. She felt in her handbag for the piece <br />of paper on which her father had written down all the details of the journey and <br />gave it to the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the <br />time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not <br />passengers. The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father <br />could not have made such a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrived <br />back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a <br />microscopic ‘o’ beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this <br />little ‘o’ indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment <br />the train came into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged <br />to be allowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant: <br />rules could not be broken. And she had to watch that train disappear towards her <br />destination while she was left behind.Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-29169171385636195392009-02-03T16:24:00.000-08:002009-02-03T16:25:04.456-08:00Essay - The New YearThe New Year is a time for resolutions.Mentally, at least, most of us could compile formidable lists of ' do's' and' don'ts '.The same old favourites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity. We resolve to get up earlier each morning,eat less, find more time to play with the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house, be nice to people we don't like, drive carefully, and take the dog for a walk every day. Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments are beyond attainment. If we remain inveterate smokers, it is only because we have so often experienced the frustration that results from failure. Most of us fail in our efforts at self improvement because our schemes are too ambitious and we never have time to carry them out. We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our bad old ways. Aware of these pitfalls, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions to myself. I limited myself to two modest ambitions: to do physical exercises every morning and to read more of an evening. An all night party on New Year's Eve,provided me with a good excuse for not carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year,but on the second, I applied myself assiduously to the task.<br /><br />The daily exercises lasted only eleven minutes and I proposed to do them early in the morning before anyone had got up. The selfdiscipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlier than usual was considerable. Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two days before anyone found me out. After jumping about on the carpet and twisting the human frame into uncomfortable positions, I sat down at the breakfast table in an exhausted condition. It was this that betrayed me. The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance. That was really unsettling but I fended off the taunts and jibes of the family good humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea. However, my enthusiasm waned. The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished. Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero. By January 10th, I was back to where I had started from. I argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning I would keep my mind fresh for reading when I got home from work. Resisting the hypnotizing effect of television, I sat in my room for a few evenings with my eyes glued to a book, one night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen. I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled 'How to Read a Thousand Words a Minute'. Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-4340935303271764202009-02-02T06:25:00.000-08:002009-02-02T06:29:23.169-08:00Kita Cemerlang Sharing<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNsJQK6GizZ52in3DvwZPGJwWP04b75fgrsYY3dkjNly7ObHiv0mO0ctEhYJJao3CGvaY13N5U0KdkdeQOhfFjO4bz2M6Y0Dj9HS0Eya9KCqAtP5Vy4faO5VHukJlXa16PUYCutkOrFlTx/s1600-h/learn.JPG"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 280px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNsJQK6GizZ52in3DvwZPGJwWP04b75fgrsYY3dkjNly7ObHiv0mO0ctEhYJJao3CGvaY13N5U0KdkdeQOhfFjO4bz2M6Y0Dj9HS0Eya9KCqAtP5Vy4faO5VHukJlXa16PUYCutkOrFlTx/s400/learn.JPG" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298206941643762674" /></a><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2P_Lui4zoItBOOnfIbMWe49EOnpYBafPBXygi3Kv2k-ZC9RklmPDCY1qGToV874QZhba4pyCr14PeAi7yMf2sY8dojJelPgiiYk_oxx2OEb3xRUlDMPdBtdlJaeZgSpOUzaZXbOzc1k1Q/s1600-h/xiaoxue2.gif"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 257px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2P_Lui4zoItBOOnfIbMWe49EOnpYBafPBXygi3Kv2k-ZC9RklmPDCY1qGToV874QZhba4pyCr14PeAi7yMf2sY8dojJelPgiiYk_oxx2OEb3xRUlDMPdBtdlJaeZgSpOUzaZXbOzc1k1Q/s400/xiaoxue2.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298206943493621282" /></a><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKlzD86mv-0KYDAp0jbEuqdyqm-6sCj7vgyTDqaKFI4mKJL0mDqgSnrAw3Ta5dxzhWOncQM9l7B445v-9g3zHZABDghyphenhyphenqAv-BXqXR0wkSQPk_iXWhPNybtvb_NvcYyYb89P7HWcJXna2nn/s1600-h/xiaoxue1.gif"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 269px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKlzD86mv-0KYDAp0jbEuqdyqm-6sCj7vgyTDqaKFI4mKJL0mDqgSnrAw3Ta5dxzhWOncQM9l7B445v-9g3zHZABDghyphenhyphenqAv-BXqXR0wkSQPk_iXWhPNybtvb_NvcYyYb89P7HWcJXna2nn/s400/xiaoxue1.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298206942500286578" /></a><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBPEvXY1rOYkEbjKY4rXaPyierf_GDDD8Xr59EZms5ewMe-Un7qvyxwDDYxAaWCWbaJ37kCfBB0m55aWvCSCAMvRXvz-E0Sv9LdKnOkvb8Ii-CJiY8M3blstw9b3VzK6M44gx0A7PqVDKX/s1600-h/form1-1.gif"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 306px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBPEvXY1rOYkEbjKY4rXaPyierf_GDDD8Xr59EZms5ewMe-Un7qvyxwDDYxAaWCWbaJ37kCfBB0m55aWvCSCAMvRXvz-E0Sv9LdKnOkvb8Ii-CJiY8M3blstw9b3VzK6M44gx0A7PqVDKX/s400/form1-1.gif" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298206936495114994" /></a>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-28409203379095212762009-02-01T17:16:00.000-08:002009-02-01T17:17:41.898-08:00Sharing of Diary?<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaxVvfVO8bMjKjWva2q7eDFxJWMlXnyN67Jv33CQ-GsQEfkrhGntv5ea-IF2QhsS6mb81bvHPl1OnCbJ6-Y-pKIS9pPjNRaet1yG8UNlWeXsB6eoYPAaO0NU3VUDAPk3ceSHEL1r5FfpS9/s1600-h/chew-1a.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 226px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaxVvfVO8bMjKjWva2q7eDFxJWMlXnyN67Jv33CQ-GsQEfkrhGntv5ea-IF2QhsS6mb81bvHPl1OnCbJ6-Y-pKIS9pPjNRaet1yG8UNlWeXsB6eoYPAaO0NU3VUDAPk3ceSHEL1r5FfpS9/s400/chew-1a.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298002908854629682" /></a><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggtLYHE2LofLOAqMxOixmKCzPt2snJ595a-5Mky931BB9-17FHey7dsfrTQUIeR8LqqVjf1Klq8kWdxwhdsrkDwoP-Mq8bJIW5-aU2ty_IHNJ3eSGE9II0MpvlNToYuzY-exSLeWrCgC0T/s1600-h/chew-1.jpg"><img style="display:block; margin:0px auto 10px; text-align:center;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 349px; height: 336px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggtLYHE2LofLOAqMxOixmKCzPt2snJ595a-5Mky931BB9-17FHey7dsfrTQUIeR8LqqVjf1Klq8kWdxwhdsrkDwoP-Mq8bJIW5-aU2ty_IHNJ3eSGE9II0MpvlNToYuzY-exSLeWrCgC0T/s400/chew-1.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5298002910870854450" /></a>Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-90998302019989570952008-11-04T16:52:00.000-08:002008-11-04T16:54:57.678-08:00year-6 教材范围教材范围<br />小学华文课程的教材范围包括各类的知识、社会文化的<br />信息和思维技能、资讯工艺技能、学习技能、未来研究技能<br />和多元智能等实用技能,以便为学生踏入中学作好准备。同<br />时,也在教材中强调道德观念,国民意识和爱国主义精神。<br />本课程说明所建议的教材范围如下:<br />1. 各类知识<br />语文教材的内容应该具有较广的涵盖面,可以包括人文、<br />科普、自然环境和时事动态等方面的知识。选材时应注重其实<br />用性和趣味性。本学年的教材在各类知识方面可包括:<br />人文—如:唐诗、科学故事<br />科普—如:科技产品在各领域的发展与贡献<br />信息—如:大众传媒、各媒体的操作<br />自然环境—如:天文、地理、环境保护、资源<br />2. 道德观念<br />道德教育的内容应包括思想认识的提高,意志的锻炼和品<br />格情趣的陶冶。本学年的教材必须包含健康的思想内容,使学<br />生受到潜移默化的熏陶,以培养学生崇高的品德。<br />3. 国民意识<br />国家的富强有赖于人民的精诚团结。因此,造就爱国家、<br />爱人民的年轻一代,营造一个和睦的生活环境是教育的重要任<br />务。语文教材必须包含国民意识的内容,使学生在学习中潜移<br />默化,接受爱国主义的教育和团结友爱精神的熏陶。<br /><br />4. 社会文化<br />语文教材中除了国内外各民族的社会文化背景的信息之<br />外,也应包括社交礼仪和情商管理等内容。本学年的教材在社<br />会文化方面可包括:<br />人际关系—如:学校三大机构成员、地方官员、社会各阶<br />层人士<br />时事动态—如:社会治安问题、自然灾害、亲子关系<br />节日庆典—如:各族节日、特别庆典、毕业典礼、恳亲会<br />学校生活—如:学会活动、制服团体活动、美化校园<br />家庭生活—如:家庭会议、美化家居<br />公共设施—如:环境卫生、公共场所设备<br />各行各业—如:政治家、企业家<br />休闲活动—如:个人爱好、旅游、参观<br />社团活动—如:社区活动、同乐会、赈灾活动<br />艺术活动—如:音乐、美术<br />5. 实用技能<br />语文教学须顾及当今社会日新月异的发展趋势,因此,语文<br />教材必须在培养学生掌握具有实用价值的技能方面作出适当的配<br />合,为学生日后踏足社会作好准备。<br />5.1 思维技能<br />思维教学的目标是训练学生的批判性思维和创造性思<br />维,以提升学生的认知和感知能力,使学生在生活中<br />能提出有创意的看法,完成有创意的作品,并有能力<br />作出决策和解决问题。语文教材应在训练学生的思维<br />方面作出适当的配合。<br /><br />5.2 信息通讯技术<br />在这个信息时代,学生应能应用信息通讯技术来通<br />讯、获取资料和完成任务。在教学时,教师应引导学<br />生充分地应用信息通讯技术和多元化的教材来加强语<br />文的学习。<br />5.3 学习技能<br />掌握了学习技能,学生能够自己规划和管理自己的学<br />习,并能在这充满变数的时代随时更新自己的知识和<br />技能。语文是学习的基本条件,语文教材应在指导学<br />生学习如何学习方面作出时代的配合。<br />5.4 未来研究技能<br />成功的生活在于如何正确地预测和规划未来。未来研<br />究技能是整理思绪,规划生活的一种方式。它能帮助<br />我们作出正确的决定和采取适当的行动以面对未来的<br />挑战。在教学时,教师应善用教材中的课题,引导学<br />生预测和规划未来。<br />5.5 多元智能<br />每个人都有独特的智能与潜质。人如果根据自己的智<br />能与潜质找出最适合自己的方式来学习,就能学习得<br />较有效率。教师在设计教学活动时,应顾及学生的智<br />能,设计多样化的活动。<br /><br /><br />综合教学<br />听说、阅读与书写教学不应个别进行,而应以技能综合的<br />方式来进行,如:<br />i. 听说——阅读——书写<br />ii. 阅读——书写——听说<br />iii. 阅读——听说——书写<br />iv. 听说——书写——阅读<br />以听说——阅读——书写为例,在进行听说教学时,也要<br />有阅读和书写活动,而这几项活动是以同样的教材为根据,只<br />是以听说教学开始,然后进行阅读教学,最后进行书写教学。<br />以阅读——听说——书写为例,以阅读教学开始,然后进<br />行听说教学,最后进行书写教学。<br />另一方面,技能与技能之间不但应综合,同时也应均衡发<br />展。因此,学生应该通过各种方法反复练习,以加深印象,并<br />取得最佳的学习效果,以达致既定的目标。<br /><br />教学建议<br />1. 各种文体的教学<br />(一) 记叙文<br />I 定义<br />记叙文是以记叙人物与事件为主的一种文体。<br />II 特点<br />a. 通过写人写事来表达主题思想。<br />b. 记叙文都有时间、地点、人物和事件四个要素,题材<br />都是真实的。<br />c. 根据突出主题的需要,把叙述、描写、议论、抒情等<br />表现方法结合起来,但整体上还是以叙述和描写为<br />主。<br />III 教学要点<br />记叙文教学突出的特点是“读写结合”,其教学要点如<br />下:<br />a. 准确地把握文章的主题思想,抓住段落要点及关键性<br />词语。<br />例1:《一个书包的自述》<br />叙述书包能够为勤奋的主人服务深感骄傲。反之,则<br />感到不幸与耻辱。文中关键词语如:制造、选购、服<br />务、珍惜等。<br />例2:《学骑自行车记》<br />叙述如何苦学骑自行车的经过。文中关键词语如:摇<br />摆、摔倒、平衡等。<br />b. 弄清文章层次,引导学生了解文章结构的特点和作<br />用。<br />例1:《最快乐的一天》<br />整体 略讲最快乐的一天。如“到海边去野餐”。<br />交待时间、地点、事件。<br />局部 分几段讲解当天发生的趣事,并突出“快乐”<br />两字。如:在沙滩上,在树阴下,在追波逐<br />浪,嘻笑声中……<br />整体 概括总结一天的趣事,突出“最”字。<br />例2:《学骑自行车记》<br />整体 略讲苦学自行车的经过。交代时间、地点、人<br />物和事件。<br />局部 分几段讲解<br />i. 买新自行车<br />ii. 初学失败<br />iii. 通过指导再苦学<br />iv. 成功<br />整体 概括全文,突出学习经过。以上用的是顺序<br />法。此外,常用的还有倒叙法、插叙法和补叙法。<br />(见备注)<br />c. 多读多写<br />分利用阅读教材范例,多读多写。篇幅短的,熟读成<br />诵;篇幅长的背诵或默写其中片断。<br />d. 鼓励学生多观察周遭所发生的事件,多写所熟悉的人<br />物或事件。<br />备注:<br />1.顺叙法:按照事情的发生、发展和结局的时间顺序<br />写。<br />2.倒叙法:把后来发生的事情提前来写。<br />3.插叙法:在顺序的过程中,临时打断,插入有关的<br />人或事。<br />4.补叙法:在事件完成后,补充或交待其他事项。<br />(二) 说明文<br />I 定义<br />说明文是对一种事物的形状、构造、性能、用途加以说明的<br />文体。小学语文教材中,说明文包括:<br />a. 科学知识性说明文,如:自然、历史、地理知识。<br />b. 生活常识的说明文,如:守纪律、讲卫生、懂礼貌、<br />待人接物等。<br />II 特点<br />a. 从反映对象来看,说明自然现象或社会现象和日常生<br />活等各方面的知识。<br />b. 从表现形式看,它是通过叙述与说明两种方式,用概<br />念和结论反映客观现实的。<br />c. 从语言结构看,它的语言精确,概括结构明晰,具有<br />很强的逻辑性和说服力。<br />III 教学要点<br />a. 加强直观教学<br />运用直观形象的方法,多采用实物、插图、标本、模<br />型、幻灯等,培养学生的观察力,发展学生的智力,<br />训练学生初步的分析能力。<br />b. 积极发展儿童的思维,把儿童的生活经验和教材结合<br />起来,引导儿童阅读、欣赏和书写说明文。<br />c. 理解说明文的层次:<br />i. 说明的事项,应按照主要到次要的顺序写。<br />ii. 说明事物的发展过程,按照时间先后顺序写。<br />iii. 说明比较复杂的事物,应把内容分成几个方面,<br />或按方位顺序写。<br /><br />教学要点<br />a. 让学生弄清论点和论据,即全文要告诉我们什么道<br />理,作者是用哪些论据来说明这个道理。论据的方法<br />和过程是一种逻辑思维。教学时要让学生从课文中学<br />习正确的逻辑思维方法。<br />b. 通过具体例子和学生的经验引导学生理解深刻的道<br />理。<br />备注:<br />议论文的内容与形式:<br />1. 内容方面:<br />1.1 立场坚定,不可模棱两可。<br />1.2 对某一件事或某个问题提出见解和主张。(论点)<br />1.3 提出充分及正确的理由,找寻有力的事实及论据。<br />(论据)<br />1.4 列举事实,讲解道理,有根据,以使人信服。(论<br />证)<br />2. 形式方面:<br />2.1 第一段 简单扼要地表明论点。<br />2.2 正文 写得清楚明白,多利用各种论据并提出论证<br />以支持论点。<br />2.3 结论 把全篇的意思概括起来,作一个简洁有力,并<br />令人信服的结论。<br />1.4 列举事实,讲解道理,有根据,以使人信服。(论<br />证)<br /><br />3. 文字方面:用浅白通俗的文字,把意见表达出来。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-80448765537004065932008-11-04T16:41:00.000-08:002008-11-04T16:42:30.231-08:00PMR - 华文第4-40题第4-10题<br />阅读下面文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />4 “妮柯大卫代表壁球总会角逐今年度全国最佳女运动员奖。”<br />上面画线的字的正确读音是<br />A jiCozhV C jVezhV<br />B jiCozV D jVezV<br /> <br /><br />5 “他趁着父母出远门,叫了一群朋友到家里胡闹。”<br />上面句子画线的词,哪一个是介词?<br /> <br />A 着<br />B 了<br />C 群<br />D 到<br /> <br /><br /> <br /><br />6 “朋友们在百忙中拨出时间来出席我的生日会,这份情谊,令我十分感激。<br />上文中画线的短语,哪一个与其它的不同? <br />A 拨出时间<br />B 我的生日会<br />C 这份情谊<br />D 十分感激<br /> <br /><br />7 “雨水从窗口悄悄地渗进来。”<br />上述句子的“进来”是<br />A 谓语 C 状语<br />B 宾语 D 补语<br /> <br /><br />8 “________石油起价,市场上的日常用品________跟着涨价了。”<br />下列哪项关联词最适合填在上面句子的横线上?<br /> <br />A 假如……才 C 由于……也<br />B 虽然……却 D 除非……将<br /> <br /><br />9 “这一带的华人都以华语作为沟通的语言,所以在可预见的未来,孩子们在学说华语这方面将会得心应口。”<br />上面句子采用什么了修辞手法?<br /> <br />A 借代 C 引用<br />B 比拟 D 仿拟<br /> <br /><br />10 “明明亲手织了两件围巾送给即将到英国留学的莹莹。”<br />下面哪个谚语最适合用于表达明明的心意?<br />A 礼多人不怪。<br />B 君子之交淡如水。<br />C 千里送鹅毛,物轻情意重。<br />D 有意栽花花不发,无心插柳柳成荫。<br /><br /><br />第14-18题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />一家宠物店老板在店门挂了张“小狗出售”的牌子。这种招牌通常很能吸引孩童的眼光;不久后,果真有一个小男孩走进店里询问:“要多少钱才能买得到小狗?”<br />老板回答:“从三十令吉到五十令吉不等。”<br />小男孩伸手到口袋,但掏出的只有些零钱。他说:“我只有二令吉三十七仙,我能看看小狗吗?”<br />老板微笑地点了点头,然后吹了一声口哨,这是从走道那端跑来一只狗妈妈,后面跟了五只毛绒绒的初生小狗;前面四只跑起来像是会滚动的球,但最后一只却是一跛一跛地往前进。小男孩一眼就看到这只不良于行的小狗,他问道:“这只小狗怎么啦?”<br />老板解释说,经过兽医检查,原来这只小狗后脚残缺,这辈子注定要当跛脚狗了。小男孩听了之后兴奋异常:“我就要买这只小狗。”<br />老板开口了:“这只狗不必买,你若真想要,送你就好了。”<br />然而这话却使得小男孩十分不悦,他双眼直视着老板,语气坚定地说:“我不要你送我,这只小狗和其他小狗一样值钱,我会付足价钱买下,我现在只能给你二令吉三十七仙,但以后每个月我会给你五十仙,直到把钱付清。”<br />老板摇了摇手:“你何必买这只小狗呢?它又不能像其他小狗一样陪你跳,陪你玩。”<br />这时小男孩弯下腰,拉起左边的裤管,露出严重扭曲畸形的左腿,他能站着全靠金属支架支撑。他抬头看着老板,轻声地说:“我自己也跑不快,这只小狗正好有个同病相怜的主人。”<br /><br />14 小男孩走进宠物店的主要原因是<br /> <br />A 想看看小狗<br />B 想买一只小狗<br />C 被广告招牌吸引<br />D 向店主询问小狗的售价<br /> <br /><br />15 最后,小男孩决定以什么方式获得残缺的小狗?<br /> <br />A 按月摊还欠款<br />B 以手中现钱购得<br />C 接受老板的赠送<br />D 要求老板以半价出售<br /> <br /><br />16 “我不要你送我,这只小狗和其他小狗一样值钱……”<br />根据上面的文字,小男孩认为<br /> <br />A 小狗也有自尊<br />B 小狗应受到特别照顾<br />C 小狗应受到公平对待<br />D 小狗与自己的遭遇相同<br /> <br /><br />17 小男孩听说小狗的后腿残缺后,显得异常兴奋是因为<br /> <br />A 认为小狗活该残缺。<br />B 能以低价购得小狗。<br />C 终于找到残缺的小狗。<br />D 觉得小狗与自己同病相怜。 <br /><br />18 小男孩说自己也跑不快是因为<br /> <br />A 他双腿残缺<br />B 他装了义腿<br />C 他天生缺了一条腿<br />D 他须靠拐杖支撑身体<br /> <br /> <br /><br />第19-23题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />有一只贝,和别的贝一样,长年生活在海里,海水是咸的,又有着风浪的压力;嫩嫩的身子就藏在壳里。壳的样子很体面,涨潮的时候,总是高高地浮在潮的上头。有一次,他们被送到海岸, 当海水又哗哗地落潮去时,他们却永远地留在沙滩,再也没有回去。蚂蚁、虫子立即围拢过来,将他们的软肉啮掉,剩下两个硬硬的空壳。这些壳上都曾经投映过太阳、月亮、星星,还有海上长虹的颜色;也显示过浪花、漩涡,和潮峰起伏的形状,现在他们生命结束了!这光洁的壳上还留着这些色彩和线条。<br />孩子们在沙滩上玩耍,发现了好看的壳,捡起来,用花丝线串着,系在脖子上。人人都在说:这孩子多么漂亮!多漂亮的贝壳!<br />只有一只贝没有被孩子们捡起,他不漂亮,他在海里的时候,就是一只丑陋的贝、因为有一颗石子钻进了他的壳内,那是个十分坚硬的石子,又带着棱角,无论如何都不能挤碎它;他只好忍受着体内的折磨。他的壳上越来越没有颜色,没有了图案,他失去了做贝的荣誉;但他默默的,说不出来。<br />他被埋在沙里。海水涨潮了,接着潮又退了;他还在沙滩上,壳已经破烂,很不完整了。<br />孩子们又来到沙滩上玩耍。他们玩腻了那些贝壳,又来寻找更漂亮的。他们发现了这一只贝上两片瓦砾似的壳,立刻用脚把贝踢开了。这时在踢开的地方,发现了一颗闪光的东西,他们拿着去见大人。<br />“这是什么东西?”<br />“这是珍珠!嗨,多稀罕的一颗大珍珠!”<br />“珍珠?这是哪儿来的呢?”<br />“这是石子钻进贝里,贝用血和肉研磨成的。啊,那贝壳呢?这是一只可怜的贝,也是一只可敬的贝。”<br />孩子们重新去沙滩寻找他,但始终没有找到。<br /><br />19 为什么贝不回到海里去?<br />A 退潮了,它被困在沙滩上。<br />B 海水很咸,侵蚀着它的外壳。<br />C 风浪太大,娇弱的身子承受不住。<br />D 蚂蚁、虫子缠着它,让它动弹不得。<br /><br />20 “他在海里的时候,就是一只丑陋的贝。”依据本文,“丑陋”可解说为<br /> <br />A 样子可怕<br />B 令人厌恶<br />C 让人看轻<br />D 不美丽,不起眼<br /> <br /><br />21 “玩腻了那些贝”,“腻”说明了儿童怎么样的心理?<br /> <br />A 喜新厌旧<br />B 任性妄为<br />C 为非作歹<br />D 朝三暮四<br /> <br /><br />22 “石子钻进贝里, 贝用血和肉制成的”说明贝的可敬之处是<br />A 沉默是全。<br />B 不到处炫耀。<br />C 辛勤地与困苦的环境搏斗。<br />D 默默耕耘,不强求任何的补偿。<br /><br />23 孩子们重新去沙滩找贝,因为<br />A 要拯救受伤的贝。<br />B 贝的身世很可怜。<br />C 要对贝表达至深的歉意。<br />D 已经认识到贝的珍贵价值。<br /><br />第二部分<br />文言文阅读<br /><br />第24-28题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />晏子将使楚。楚王闻之,谓左右曰:“晏婴,齐之习(i)辞者也。今方来,吾欲辱之,何以也?”<br />左右对曰:“为其来也,臣请缚一人,过王而行。王曰:‘何为者也?’对曰:‘齐人也。’王曰:‘何坐?’曰:‘坐盗。’”<br />晏子至,楚王赐晏子酒。酒酣,吏二缚一人诣王,王曰:“缚者曷为者也?”对曰:“齐人也,坐盗。”<br />王视晏子曰:“齐人固善盗乎?”<br />晏子避席对曰:“婴闻之,桔生淮南则为桔,生于淮北则为枳。叶徒相似,其实味不同。所以然者何?水土异也。今民生长于齐不盗,入楚则盗,得无楚之水土使民善盗也?”<br />王笑曰:“圣人非所以熙(ii)也,寡人反取病焉。”<br />(《晏子春秋》•内篇杂下)<br /><br />注释: (i) 习: 善于。<br /> (ii) 熙: 同“嬉”,开玩笑。<br /><br />24 当楚王设宴招待晏子时,为什么差役要带一个犯人到楚王面前?<br />A 楚王有意羞辱晏子。<br />B 楚王要向晏子投诉。<br />C 楚王求晏子当那人的翻译员。<br />D 楚王要把那人交给晏子去处置。<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />25 根据晏子的话,齐人会在楚国做盗贼是因为<br />A 齐人在齐国就已经做盗贼了。<br />B 齐人是受到楚国的环境所影响。<br />C 楚国的人民自私自利,没有互相帮助。<br />D 齐国的官府在四处追捕齐人,齐人只好逃到楚国去做盗贼。<br /><br />26 晏子引用“桔化为枳”的故事可证明<br /> <br />A 晏子口齿伶俐。<br />B 晏子善于讲故事。<br /> <br />C 晏子自篇故事以欺骗楚王。<br />D 晏子不善于表达自己的意见。<br /> <br /><br />27 “齐人固善盗乎?”一句中的“善” 字是什么意思?<br /> <br />A 容易 C 喜爱<br />B 经常 D 擅长 <br /><br />28 “叶徒相似,其实味不同。”一句最正确的翻译是<br />A 只是叶子相像,它的果子的味道却完全不同。<br />B 即使是叶子相像,其实它的味道却完全不同。<br />C 接枝后的树种只是叶子相像,它的果子的味道却完全不同。<br />D 接枝后的树种即使是叶子相像,其实它的味道却完全不同。<br /><br /><br /> <br />第29-33题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />昔有一国,国有一水,号曰“狂泉”。国人饮此水,无不狂。唯国君穿井而汲,独得无恙。<br />国人既并狂,反谓国主之不狂为狂。于是聚谋,共执国主,疗其狂疾,火艾针药(i),莫不毕具。国主不任(ii)其苦,于是到泉所酌水饮之,饮毕便狂。君臣大小,其狂若一,众乃欢然。<br />(《宋书•袁粲传•狂泉》)<br />注释:(i) 火艾针药:中医的各种疗法。<br /> (ii) 任:忍受。<br /><br />29 凡是喝了狂泉水的人有何反应?<br /> <br />A 狂笑不止<br />B 变得疯狂<br />C 毫无反应<br />D 头痛欲裂<br /> <br /> <br />30 国君没有患上疯狂病是因为<br /> <br />A 他不喝水<br />B 他喝井水<br />C 他是天子<br />D 他喝煮过的狂泉水<br /> <br /> <br />31 “于是聚谋,共执国主”一句中的“执”的意思是<br /> <br />A 捆<br />B 捉<br />C 骂<br />D 赶<br /> <br /><br />32 以下哪几项说明是不正确的?<br />I 国人聚在一块共谋造反<br />II 国君始终没患上疯狂病<br />III 国君无法忍受各种不同的治疗方法<br />IV 疯狂的国人认为正常的国君患上疯狂病<br /> <br />A I 和 II<br />B I 和 III<br />C II 和 IV<br />D III 和 IV<br /> <br /><br />33 “君臣大小,其狂若一,众乃欢然。”<br />上面句子的正确翻译是什么?<br />A 君臣上下欣喜欲狂,大家才安然开怀。<br />B 君臣上下都一样疯狂,大家才安然开怀。<br />C 君臣一家大小,一样疯狂,大家才安心欢喜。<br />D 举国上下都患上不同的疯狂病,大家才安然开怀。<br /><br /><br />第三部分<br />名句精华<br /><br />第34-40题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />34 “人逢喜事精神_________,月到中秋分外__________。”<br />按照原有名句依次填空,下面哪项是正确的?<br />A 好……圆 C 爽……明<br />B 乐……高 D 昂……亮<br /> <br /><br />35 下面哪个名句出自宋朝词人苏轼的《水调歌头》?<br />A 万事俱备,只欠东风。<br />B 明月松间照,清泉石上流。<br />C 但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。<br />D 梧桐更兼细雨,到黄昏点点滴滴。<br /> <br /><br />36 别再沮丧懊悔了,你应该振作起来,好好地策划未来,那才是上上之策呀!须知_________________________。<br />下面哪个名句最适合填在句子中的横线上?<br />A 不经一事,不长一智<br />B 它山之石,可以攻玉<br />C 亡羊而补牢,未为迟也<br />D 往者不可谏,来者犹可追<br /><br />37 “自知不自见,自爱不自贵”这个名句的含义是什么?<br />A 劝勉世人要洁身自爱,保重身体。<br />B 劝诫世人要有自知之明,谦卑自处,不骄矜凌物。<br />C 警戒人们多读书才有远见,要自爱才能受人尊重。<br />D 说明为人处事应该低调,不随便发表意见,以免受人看轻。<br /><br />38 下面哪个名句说明有品德的人在任何严峻的考验下,都会坚守立场?<br />A 有麝自然香,何必当风立。<br />B 桃李虽艳,何如松苍柏翠之坚贞。<br />C 新竹高于旧竹枝,全凭老干为扶持。<br />D 江东子弟多才俊,卷土重来未可知。<br /><br /> <br /><br />39 下面哪个名句是属于“借景抒怀”的?<br /> <br />A 羁鸟恋旧林,池鱼思故渊。<br />B 明月松间照,清泉石上流。<br /> <br />C 春潮带雨晚来急,野渡无人舟自横。<br />D 绿杨烟外晓寒轻,红杏枝头春意闹。<br /> <br /> <br /><br />40 下列哪项正确地引用“城门失火,殃及池鱼”?<br /><br />A 这次的大风浪,令黄伯的海上养鱼场损失惨重,简直是城门失火,殃及池鱼。<br />B 只要我们的国家发生战乱,人民就无法安居乐业,因为城门失火,殃及池鱼。<br />C 世界各国的经济是互相依赖的,只要一些经济大国的经济出现波动,其他国家将城门失火,殃及池鱼,一样的出现波动。<br />D 这公司的一辆长途巴士涉及死亡车祸事件,引起政府的注意,结果城门失火,殃及池鱼,政府禁止该公司的其它长途巴士继续载客。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-26587962263627205192008-11-04T16:37:00.000-08:002008-11-04T16:39:02.272-08:00PMR - 华文第4-40题第4-10题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />4. 这样荒谬的论调,根本不值得一驳。<br /> 上面画线字的正确汉语拼音是:<br /> A m iāo B m iào C m iū D m iù<br /><br />5. 我和他 喜欢阅读 语言文字 精简凝练 的 文学作品。<br />在上面画线的短语中,哪个短语的类型和另外三个短语的类型是不相同的?<br />A我和他 B语言文字 C精简凝练 D文学作品<br /><br />6. 以下哪个句子运用了比喻修辞手法? <br />A 这座古塔是我国古代建筑史上一颗璀璨的明珠。<br /> B 我家那株白兰花,每天都有冒不完的花苞,摘不尽的花朵。<br />C 风来摇撼我的门窗,它意图卷开我的门窗,它想掀掉我的屋 <br /> 顶……<br />D 活着就是胜利,对于在健康上、生活上或事业上面对困境的<br /> 人,它也是一种期待吗?<br /><br />7. 大半天了,那细雨仍然稀沥沥地飘洒。<br /> 上面画线词语的句子成分是:<br /> A主语 B状语 C谓语 D宾语<br /><br />8. 尊敬和孝顺老人,是华人的传统 美德。<br /> 上面画线的词语中,哪个是形容词?<br /> A尊敬 B孝顺 C传统 D美德<br /> <br /><br />9. ______ 你不想落在他人之后,_______ 应该加把劲,努力赶上前<br />吧!<br /> 下列哪项最适合填在上面句子中的横线上?<br /> A如果……就 B无论……都 C虽然……但是 D尽管……也<br /><br />第14-18题 <br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br /> 有机蔬菜是指来自于有机农业生产体系,根据国际有机农业的生产技术标准生产出来的,经独立的有机食品认证机构认证允许使用有机食品标志的蔬菜。<br /><br />有机蔬菜在整个的生产过程中都必须按照有机农业的生产方式进行,也就是在整个生产过程中必须严格遵循有机食品的生产技术标准,即生产过程中完全不使用农药、化肥、生长调节剂等化学物质,不使用基因工程技术,同时还必须经过独立的有机食品认证机构全过程的质量控制和审查。所以有机蔬菜的生产必须按照有机食品的生产环境质量要求和生产技术规范来生产,以保证它的无污染、富营养和高质量的特点。<br /><br /> 有机食品被誉为“朝阳产业”,具有广阔的市场。联合国粮食和农业组织发表的一份报告分析表明,在过去的十年间,在一些国家的市场上,有机农产品的销售额年递增率超过20%。这与一些常规食品市场的停滞不前形成了鲜明的对比。<br /><br /> 有机蔬菜的种植讲究的是安全、自然的生产方式,可以很好的促进和维持生态平衡。有机蔬菜无化学残留,口感佳,而且已被证明比普通蔬菜更具营养。现在人们对安全食品的需求日益强烈,市场前景非常乐观。但是值得注意的是有机蔬菜价格平均比普通蔬菜高出4-5倍,还不能普遍地走上大众餐桌,因此应密切关注市场,谨慎对待。<br /> <br />[摘自网络]<br /> <br />14. 下列哪一项有关“有机蔬菜”的说明是正确的?<br /><br />I 它让人觉得好吃,营养价值高。<br />II 它符合有机农业生产技术标准。<br />III 它是以安全、自然的方式种植的。<br />IV 它是经过基因改良,不用任何化学物质种植的蔬菜。<br /><br />A. I, II和III<br />B. I, III和 IV<br />C. I, II,和IV<br />D. II, III和 IV<br />15. 文中“朝阳产业”指的是什么?<br /><br />A. 有机食品的需求量很高。<br />B. 有机食品的市场前景广阔<br />C. 经营有机食品将使人致富。<br />D. 有机食品的销售额有增无减。<br /><br /><br />16. 根据本文,以下哪一项不是有机蔬菜与普通蔬菜的差别?<br /><br />I 价格<br />II 需求量 <br />III 营养价值<br />IV 市场前景<br /><br />A. I和 II<br />B. I和 IV<br />C. II和 IV<br />D. III和IV<br /><br /><br />17. 为何有机蔬菜未能普遍地走上大众餐桌?<br /><br />A. 有机蔬菜口感欠佳。<br />B. 市场上有很多冒牌的有机蔬菜。<br />C. 它的价格平均比普通蔬菜贵很多。<br />D. 目前种植有机蔬菜未盛行,供不应求。<br /><br /><br />18. 根据本文,哪一点可以看出有机食品的前景乐观?<br /><br />A. 现代人对安全食品的需求日益强烈。<br />B. 它有无污染、富营养和高质量的特点。<br />C. 它符合国际有机农业的生产技术标准。<br />D. 有机农产品的销售额年递增率超过20%。<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />第19-23题 <br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />母亲又在给她的二女儿打电话了。全家都移民到香港了,只把二姐一个人留在家里。母亲整日里叹气:“要是你二姐能来,我这一辈子也心甘了。”但一家人始终不能团圆;母亲唯一能做的事情,就是打电话,在一条不知多长的线的两端,母女俩倾诉着。该把“两地书母子情”改为“两地电话母子情”才是,因为时代在改变。 <br /> <br /> 电话这玩意儿没流行之前,人与人之间的联系方式无非两种:一是走街各门各户地去串门子;二是两地间鸿雁往返,或吐真情或诉离愁,言犹未尽地往返书信。这两种方式自有它们诱人的地方,甚至于电话兴起之后,不少人谴责它把人们的感情冲淡了,因而念念不忘以往的生活。 <br /><br />不可否认,有了电话确实减少了人们的平常往来。有什么事要说,自然是打个电话了事(除非事情不可告人又怀疑会被窃听);有什么事要吩咐,也是电话传音,惟恐亲自登门会吓坏了下属;有什么事要汇报,还是打电话适当些,因为到上司家去,不带点“手信”似乎不恭,带了又会有“贿赂”之嫌,不如两不相见的好。<br /><br />电话还为脸皮薄之人提供尝试讲谎话的机会:这边听得似信非信,那边正涨红了脖子,每讲一句就捂住话筒作一次深呼吸或捂紧嘴自我嘲笑一番。这样的表情在面对面时是绝对过不了关的。几次过后,心跳慢了,脸也不红了,终于敢光明正大地扯谎于人前。这些无疑是电话方便人群的“衍生物”,成了少数人表演的工具。 <br /><br /> 随着电话的普及,人们发觉它的“人情味”并不比串门儿或写信淡,相反地,电话的快捷方便却是其二者所不能及的。老朋友没空见面,举手按几个号码,马上就可以海阔天空地聊起来;有苦水就倒,有疑难就问,有消息就吐,有脾气就发,立刻就可以得到回应:或安慰,或解答,或分享,或把哪一个小人骂得狗血淋头。即便只是芝麻绿豆大的一件事,至少也能得到“嗯”的一声回应。远在千里之外,想念家人想念得不得了,打个电话回去吧。虽然还只是问“你们今晚吃什么菜”,但感觉颇不同,乐在其中,不亚于千金一封的“家书”。所以有什么急事,人们最先想到的是打电话,因为电话能最快地传达他们的信息。 <br /><br />时代在发展,电话也在发展。现代社会的时间宝贵得寸阴寸金,虽然先进的传真技术可与电话媲美,但电话自身的发展已足以适应人们的需求。四通八达的电话线把人们紧密地联系起来,打电话已成为人们生活中越来越重要的一部分。 <br /><br /><br />19. 在电话还没有流行之前, 人们是以什么方式来联系?<br /><br />I 手信 <br />II 写信 <br />III 汇报 <br />IV 串门子<br /><br />A I和III<br />B I和IV<br />C II和III<br />D II和IV<br /><br /><br />20. 在第一段中“两地书母子情”改为“两地电话母子情”指的是时<br />代改变了 <br /><br />A 家人的感情<br />B 倾诉的内容<br />C 沟通的方式<br />D 人们的需求<br /><br /><br />21. 为什么作者认为电话比以前人们联系的方式好?<br /><br />A 电话方便快捷。<br />B 电话能够增进人情味。<br />C 电话成了大众的表演工具。<br />D 电话成为人们生活中的一部分。<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />22. 文中的“鸿雁往返”指的是<br /><br />A 投桃报李<br />B 书信来往<br />C 礼尚往来<br />D 通风报信<br /><br /><br />23. 文中第四段“这些无疑是电话方便人群的‘衍生物’……”指的是 <br /><br />A 电话可为害羞的人壮胆。<br />B 电话被人们滥用成说谎工具。<br />C 电话可以训练人的说话能力。<br />D 电话可以发掘人们的表演天才。<br /><br /><br /><br />第24-28题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br /> 有献不死之药于荆王者,谒者操以入。<br /><br /> 中射之士问曰:“可食乎? ”曰:“可。”因夺而食之。<br /><br /> 王怒,使人杀中射之士。中射之士使人说王曰:“臣问谒者, 谒者曰:‘可食。’臣故食之。是臣无罪,而罪在谒者也。且客献不死之药,臣食之而王杀臣,是死药也。王杀无罪之臣,而明人之欺王。”王乃不杀。 <br /><br />《战国策 楚策》<br /> 【注释】<br /> 荆王: 即楚王。<br /> 谒者: 秦汉时,皇宫中负责通报传达等事的 官员。操:持,拿着。<br /> 中射之士: 官名,在宫中负责保卫工作。<br /> 明: 作动词,证明,说 明。<br /> <br />24 谁向荆王敬献不死之药?<br /> A 谒者 B 卫兵<br /> C 大臣 D 客人<br />25 中射之士招惹杀身之祸因为他 。<br /> A 对荆王无礼 B 不让谒者为荆王送礼<br /> C 质问谒者不死药的来历 D 吃了客人送给荆王的礼物<br /><br /><br />26 中射之士的所作所为是为了要<br /> A 让荆王感到惊怕。 B 指出荆王的愚昧。 <br /> C 希望自己长生不老。 D 证明不死药有可疑之处。<br /><br /><br />27 中射之士的巧辩显示他是一个 __________ 的人。<br /> A 机智 B 贪吃 C 狡猾 D 聪明 <br /><br /><br />28 “臣食之而王杀臣,是死药也”一句最正确的翻译是:<br /> <br /> A 我吃了药就会死去,这药果然是死药 !<br /> B 我吃了药会遭人杀害,这果然是死药 !<br /> C 我吃了药就杀掉你,这药岂不是死药 ?<br /> D 我吃了药而被处死, 这药岂不成了死药 ? <br /><br /><br /><br />第29-33题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题.<br /><br />有富室偶得二小狼,与家犬杂畜,亦与犬相安。稍长,亦颇驯,竟忘其为狼。<br /><br />一日,主人昼寝厅事,闻群犬鸣鸣作怒声,惊起周视,无一人。再就寝将寐,犬又如前。乃伪睡以俟,则二狼伺其未觉,将啮其喉,犬阻之不使前也。乃杀而取其革○,1。<br /><br />此事从侄虞惇○,2言。狼子野心,信不诬哉!然野心不过遁逸耳;阳为亲昵,而阴怀不测,更不止于野心矣。兽不足道,此人何取而自贻患耶!<br />《狼性》<br />注释:<br />○,1革 :皮。<br />○,2虞惇:人名。<br /><br />29 富人怎样处置偶然得到的两只小狼?<br /><br />A 把它们和家禽关在一起。<br />B 把它们和家犬隔开饲养。<br />C 把它们养在自己的房里。<br />D 把它们和家犬一起饲养。<br /><br /><br />30 为什么群狗多次发出鸣鸣叫声?<br /><br />A 因为狼惹怒了群狗。<br />B 为了不让狼靠近富人。<br />C 因为有贼进了富人家。<br />D 为了抗议富人善待狼。<br /><br /><br />31 本文的主旨是 <br />A 劝勉人们要爱惜动物。<br />B 劝勉人们不要有野心。<br />C 提醒人们要有防人之心。<br />D 提醒人们动物会带来祸患。<br /><br /><br />32 文中“将啮其喉”的“啮”是什么意思?<br />A 咬<br />B 吃<br />C 啃<br />D 嚼<br /><br /><br />33 “此人何取而自贻患耶!”<br />上面句子的正确翻译是什么?<br />A 这富人是怎样招来祸患的呢!<br />B 这富人又怎能独自面对祸患!<br />C 这富人为什么自己招惹祸患呢!<br />D 这富人的祸患是咎由自取的呢!<br /><br /><br /><br />第三部分<br />名句精华<br /><br />第34-40题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br /><br /><br />34. “你千万别听了他的赞美便飘飘然地什么事都随他作主, __________,你得三思啊!”<br />下面哪个名句最适合填在句子中的横线上?<br /><br />A. 信言不美,美言不信。<br />B. 金玉其外,败絮其中。<br />C. 王者以民为天,而民以食为天。<br />D. 贫人愁贫贫不去,病人愁病病不疗。<br /><br /><br />35.下面哪个名句出自《三国演义》?<br /><br />A. 星星之火,可以燎原。<br />B. 万事俱备,只欠东风。<br />C. 有风方起浪,无潮水自平。<br />D. 破屋更遭连夜雨,漏船又遇打头风。<br /> <br /><br /><br />36. “每当细雨纷飞,她就会孤零零地伫立窗前,想起远方的丈夫, 心中更是无限寂寞,__________,这种情景何时才会落幕呢?”<br /> 下面哪个名句最适合填在句子中的横线上?<br /><br />A. 士别三日,即更刮目相看。<br />B. 晚风拂柳笛声残,夕阳山外山。<br />C. 梧桐更兼细雨,到黄昏点点滴滴。<br />D. 劝君更尽一杯酒,西出阳关无故人。<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />37. “近水楼台先得月,向阳花木易为春 ”<br /> 这个名句的含义是什么?<br /><br />A. 春天里恬静幽美的湖边景色。<br />B. 春天来了,世间万物呈现一片欣欣向荣的景象。<br />C. 客观环境发生了变化,事物本身也会随之起变化。<br />D. 先接近某些人或事物而抢先得到某种利益或便利。<br /><br /><br />38. “一诺千金”与下面哪个名句的意义相近?<br /><br />A. 口惠而实不至。<br />B. 一语为重百金轻。<br />C. 一人传虚,万人传实。<br />D. 它山之石,可以攻玉。<br /><br /><br />39. “经营珠宝生意的陈先生因市道不好而面临困境,可是他毫不放弃,想了许多新点子来寻求突破,终于成了城中数一数二的珠宝大王。”<br />以下哪个名句符合上面的情况?<br /><br />A. 穷则变,变则通,通则久。<br />B. 莫等闲,白了少年头,空悲切。<br />C. 千磨万击还坚劲,任尔东西南北风。<br />D. 天下事有难易乎?为之,则难者亦易矣;不为,则易者亦<br />难矣。<br /><br /><br />40. 下列哪句名句与描写景色有关?<br />A. 临河而羡鱼,不如归家织网。<br />B. 水清出石鱼可数,林深无人鸟相呼。<br />C. 人面不知何处去,桃花依旧笑春风。<br />D. 风萧萧兮易水寒,壮士一去兮不复还。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5955853840899502704.post-83545881277956094002008-11-04T16:33:00.002-08:002008-11-04T16:34:59.095-08:00PMR - 华文第14-36题第14-16题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />常听见中国人一句古话道:“开卷有益。”这话是对的吗?大大的不见得!开到不好的卷,反而有非常多的害处。错误的、不正确的知识,比毒药还要厉害,毒药不过毒坏人的身体,坏书简直毒坏人的心灵;一包毒药不过害死一两个人,一本坏书可以害死无数的人。所以有“知识责任”的人,不只是盲目的劝人读书,而且要教人读好书,读标准的书。<br /><br />中国古人有著作数十年,还不敢拿著作来问世的,也有如顾亭林写《日知录》一样,费了许多时日,还不敢写出一篇的,西洋那类审慎的作家,自然更是不少,这实在是他们的美德,也可以见他们的责任心,因为他们觉得写出一点东西出来,他们对于知识的本身-真理-负了一种重大的责任,故他们能产生“不废江河万古流”的著作。<br />佚名《开卷有益》<br /><br />14. 下列哪一个题目最适合用于这篇文章?<br /><br />A. 学海无涯,唯勤是岸<br />B. 只要是书,就是好的<br />C. 看有益的书,写负责的文字<br />D. 著作越多,学问越大<br /><br />15. 下列哪一项符合作者的意思?<br /><br />A. 我们要劝人多读书<br />B. 读到不好的书比不读书更糟<br />C. 文章是作者的智慧结晶,写了就要发表出来<br />D. 作者可以不必对自己的著作负责<br /><br />16. 文中所谓“标准的书”是指什么?<br /><br />A. 教科书<br />B. 印刷精美的书<br />C. 思想纯正,论说有据的书<br />D. 标新立异,哗众取宠的书<br /><br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />两年前,父亲在街上散步,被一个骑自行车的女工撞倒,摔断了右大腿骨。自那时起,给他洗澡便成了我每日晚间的必修课。我感觉到,人越是年老,皮肤感觉越敏锐,洗澡就越不能马虎。洗澡令人愉快,想必父亲是深有感受的。这套功课,从准备到完成,大约需要十五到二十分钟。热腾腾的厕所里,温度当在四十度以上。若与人言,只道是父亲洗的是热水澡,我洗的是桑那浴。<br /><br />大约到了去年夏天,父亲已经能扔下双拐,凭一支单手杖走路了。那天晚上,我放下手中活计,照例准备赤膊上阵时,父亲突然说:“今天我自己洗。”父亲是认真的,说这话时带着笑,但是语气并不十分肯定,眼中流露出试探、无奈、歉然,而又分明带着几分凄凉的神情。一股酸楚的眼泪突然涌上我的眼眶,我强忍着没让它掉下来。父亲视力极差,我什么都不必说,一如既往地只是履行自己的职责。<br /><br />“我自己洗”这句话,很久很久以前,我也大声地向父亲说过。小时候,父亲肯定给我洗过澡,但怎么洗的,已毫无印象。至今记忆犹新的是,那次在大河洗澡的情景。那时很多人说的洗澡,其实就是游泳。大概是七岁那年的夏天,父亲带我去洗澡,河里人很多,父亲牵着我沿一处石阶下河,水刚淹过他的膝盖,却已漫过我的胸脯,我浮起来了,开始拼命扑腾,父亲紧紧抓着我的双手不肯放开。我于是一边扑腾,一边大声喊叫:“我自己洗。”无奈父亲不但不松手,反而开心地大笑起来,笑得我莫名其妙。扑腾变成了挣扎,因为我感到了屈辱和愤怒。<br /><br />我的眼泪终于落下来,滴在父亲的肩上,他不会感觉到的。搓擦着父亲瘦骨嶙峋的身躯,我仿佛看到里面那颗已发生过多次梗阻的心脏,还在顽强不息地搏动。那胆囊中的结石,到底有多大?有多少颗?能不能有朝一日化去了?我想看看前列腺肥大到底是怎么回事,为什么男人到了中老年多遭受这种病的折磨?但我什么都没能看见,眼前只是一张树皮一样的脸,和一段枯树般弯曲的身躯 。 <br /><br />洗好澡站起身来的时候,父亲突然打了个趔趄,被我紧紧抓住双臂,也就在这一瞬间,我明白,我的双手也是绝不能松开的。<br /><br />(节录阮红松《松不了手》)<br /><br /> <br />17. 文中第一段中的“这套功课”是指<br /><br />A. 调热水的温度。<br />B. 掌握洗澡的时间。<br />C. 确定父亲皮肤感觉的敏锐度。<br />D. 为父亲洗澡的工作。<br /><br /><br />18. 哪一个词能代替文中第二段中的“活计”?<br /><br />A. 工作<br />B. 手艺<br />C. 业务<br />D. 绝活<br /><br /><br />19. 当父亲认真地说要自己洗澡时,语气却不十分肯定的原因是<br /><br />A. 他没有把握可以把热水调到四十度以上。<br />B. 他不大喜欢自己洗澡。<br />C. 他认为儿子帮他洗澡比自己洗来得舒服。<br />D. 他没把握自行洗澡。<br /><br />20. 下列哪项最适合解释作者流泪的原因。<br /><br />A. 作者回想童年时与父亲相处的情景,觉得时间飞逝,心中惋惜。<br />B. 作者觉得父亲很可怜,因为他的泪滴到父亲的肩上,父亲却感觉不到。<br />C. 作者深觉父亲年老了,而且多病,心中悲伤感慨。<br />D. 作者的父亲不肯让自己帮他洗澡,使作者感到屈辱。<br /><br /><br />21. 这篇文章给了我们什么启示?<br /><br />A. 我们对父母要千依白顺。<br />B. 父母年老时,我们应该为他们洗澡。<br />C. 我们要及时孝顺父母。<br />D. 父母年老时,我们要紧紧捉着他们的手。<br /><br />第22-23题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />井边有两个水桶,甲水桶说:“唉!真没意思,每次都这样,才装满了水,又马上空回来。”乙水桶则说:“不会啊!我都是这样想:我空空地来,但却满满地回去!”<br />《两个水桶》<br /><br />22. 这篇寓言在强调什么的重要?<br /><br />A. 节约用水<br />B. 乐观积极<br />C. 勤勉不懈<br />D. 安贫乐道<br /><br />23. 我们可以送给甲水桶什么话,作为勉励?<br /><br />A. 命好不怕运来磨<br />B. 悲观者没有流泪的权利<br />C. 拿得起,放得下<br />D. 凡事向着阳光走,阴影永远在背后<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> <br />第二部分<br />文言文阅读<br /><br />第24-28题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />一人已习悭术①,犹豫未足,乃从悭师学其术,往见之,但用纸剪鱼,盛水一瓶,故名曰酒,为学悭之赞礼。偶值悭师外出,惟妻在家。知其来学之意并执赞仪,乃使一婢用空盏传出曰:“请茶。”实无茶也。又以两手作一圈曰:“请饼。”如是而已。<br />学悭者既出,悭师乃归。其妻悉述其事以告。悭师作色曰:“何乃费此厚款?”随用手作半圈样曰:“只这半边饼,足打发他!”<br /><br />注释:①悭术:吝啬的秘诀<br /><br /><br />24. 那个已通晓吝啬秘诀的人为何还要去拜师?<br /><br />A. 他久没复习,早已忘记了从前所学的,因此要重新拜师学习。<br />B. 他必须以吝啬秘诀来讨生活,因此必须时时向同行者交流知识。<br />C. 他所通晓的吝啬秘诀已经过时了,因此必须拜师学习新的秘诀。<br />D. 他认为自己对吝啬秘诀不够精通,因此想要向教吝啬的老师学习。<br /><br />25. 吝啬术的老师的妻子怎样接待这个来拜师学艺的人?<br /><br />A. 用茶与大饼招待他。<br />B. 用清水与半边饼来招待他。<br />C. 用纸剪的鱼与清水来招待他。<br />D. 用空茶杯与两手作一圈画大饼的姿态招待他。<br /><br /> <br />26. 教吝啬术的老师对于那人登门拜师的事有何反应?<br /><br />A. 认为妻子招待得太宽厚。<br />B. 不把这件事情放在心上。<br />C. 坚持要拜师者送贵重的礼方肯收徒。<br />D. 高兴地收下拜师者送来的纸剪鱼与清水。<br /><br />27. “乃从悭师学其术”的“从”是指什么?<br /><br />A. 服从<br />B. 跟随<br />C. 随从<br />D. 从前<br /><br />28. “偶值悭师外出”的正确翻译是<br /><br />A. 刚巧遇到出外的吝啬老师<br />B. 偶然遇到那个吝啬的老师出外<br />C. 那个吝啬的老师偶尔会出门去<br />D. 正好碰到那个吝啬的老师出门了<br /><br />第29-33题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />老农家贫在山住,耕种山田三四亩。<br />苗疏税多不得食,输入官仓化为土。<br />岁暮锄犁傍空室,呼儿登山收橡实。<br />西江贾客珠百斛,船中养犬长食肉。<br />张籍《野老歌》<br /><br /><br /> <br />29. 这首诗前四句描述老农夫<br /><br />A. 抱怨土地贫瘠<br />B. 受尽横征暴敛的剥削<br />C. 得不到官仓的赈济<br />D. 拥有的耕地面积大多太小<br /><br />30. 官家仓库内征收得来的粮食最后怎样了?<br /><br />A. 沾满了烂泥<br />B. 价格变得很低<br />C. 全都腐烂变作泥土<br />D. 竟然回流到乡野地区<br /><br />31. 老农夫的孩子上山收的橡实有什么作用?<br /><br />A. 充饥<br />B. 缴税<br />C. 做饲料<br />D. 卖给商人<br /><br />32. “船中养犬长食肉”讽刺<br /><br />A. 老农沦落到为商人养狗<br />B. 贫富悬殊,老农过着猪狗不如的苦日子<br />C. 老农父子成了巨商富贾的奴仆<br />D. 官商勾结,气焰嚣张<br /><br />33. “岁暮锄犁傍空室”中的“岁暮”<br /><br />A. 年尾<br />B. 黄昏<br />C. 晚年<br />D. 夕阳<br /><br /><br /> <br />第三部分<br />名句精华<br /><br />第34-40题<br />阅读下面的文字,然后回答问题。<br /><br />34. “黑发不________勤学早,白首方________读书迟。”<br />按照原有的名句依次填空,下面哪项是正确的?<br /><br />A. 懂……知 <br />B. 晓……恨<br />C. 明……忧<br />D. 知……悔<br /><br />35. 下列哪个名句和“往者不可谏,来者犹可追”的含义相关?<br /><br />A. 哀莫大于心死<br />B. 不经一事,不长一智<br />C. 亡羊补牢,未为迟也<br />D. 见人之过,得记之过;闻人之过,想己之过<br /><br />36. “师者,所以传道、授业、解惑也”的作者是谁?<br /><br />A. 韩愈<br />B. 贾岛<br />C. 杜牧<br />D. 苏轼<br /><br /><br />37. “每一个时代都有杰出的人物出现,领导着时代前,____________,这些风云人物的功绩是永垂不朽的。”<br />上面句子中的横线上,应填入什么名句?<br /><br />A. 江东子弟多才俊,卷土重来未可知。<br />B. 江山代有才人出,各领风骚数百年。<br />C. 风萧萧兮易水寒,壮士一去兮不复还。<br />D. 蛟龙得风雨,终非池中物也。<br /><br />38. “有麝自然香,何必当风立”这句名句的含意是比喻<br /><br />A. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。<br />B. 自己没做错事,不怕别人指指点点。<br />C. 自己做了好事,希望别人赞扬,使其广为人知。<br />D. 有真才实学的人,不必刻意表现自己,自然会受人尊重。Bethelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03603644631451691391noreply@blogger.com0